{"id":21180,"date":"2016-06-17T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-06-17T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/case-against-bolivian-ex-president-for-his-role-in-2003-massacre-can-proceed\/"},"modified":"2017-09-07T17:01:50","modified_gmt":"2017-09-07T22:01:50","slug":"case-against-bolivian-ex-president-for-his-role-in-2003-massacre-can-proceed","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/case-against-bolivian-ex-president-for-his-role-in-2003-massacre-can-proceed\/","title":{"rendered":"Case Against Bolivian Ex-President for His Role in 2003 Massacre Can Proceed"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u00e1s de doce a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s de que unas masacres planificadas por el gobierno de Bolivia resultaran en la muerte de 58 civiles desarmados, el tribunal federal de apelaci\u00f3n del onceavo circuito de Estados Unidos rechaz\u00f3 un intento de frustrar una demanda contra el ex Presidente de Bolivia y su ministro de Defensa, quienes viven en Estados Unidos. En lugar de ello, la corte de apelaciones devolvi\u00f3 el caso al tribunal de distrito con un mandato para proceder a la fase de exhibici\u00f3n de pruebas.<\/p>\n

En el caso Mamani v. S\u00e1nchez de Lozada y S\u00e1nchez Berzain, las familias de ocho bolivianos muertos en las masacres interpusieron una demanda contra el ex presidente de Bolivia, Gonzalo S\u00e1nchez de Lozada y su ex ministro de Defensa de Bolivia, Jos\u00e9 Carlos S\u00e1nchez Berza\u00edn, alegando que hab\u00edan ordenado ejecuciones extrajudiciales. La demanda alega que, meses antes de esta violencia, los dos demandados elaboraron un plan para reprimir la protesta social con uso de fuerza letal que preve\u00eda\u00a0 <\/span>la muerte de miles de civiles desarmados. Tambi\u00e9n alega que los demandados utilizaron intencionadamente la fuerza letal para reprimir protestas pol\u00edticas, en un esfuerzo por sofocar la oposici\u00f3n pol\u00edtica. Adem\u00e1s de las muertes, m\u00e1s de 400 civiles fueron heridos cuando las fuerzas de seguridad del estado dispararon contra civiles desarmados.<\/p>\n

En su fallo del 16 de junio, el tribunal de apelaciones sostuvo por unanimidad que un estatuto federal, la Ley de Protecci\u00f3n de las V\u00edctimas de Tortura (TVPA, por su nombre en ingl\u00e9s), permite que las familias de las v\u00edctimas presenten sus demandas por ejecuci\u00f3n extrajudicial en tribunales de Estados Unidos, despu\u00e9s de haber agotado los recursos disponibles en su pa\u00eds de origen. El tribunal rechaz\u00f3 los argumentos de los demandados que le ped\u00edan desestimar el caso porque los demandantes recibieron algo de compensaci\u00f3n y asistencia humanitaria en Bolivia. La decisi\u00f3n sienta un precedente legal importante porque ninguna corte de apelaciones federal hab\u00eda considerado previamente los argumentos de los demandados sobre el agotamiento de recursos en el extranjero.<\/p>\n

Desde que este caso se present\u00f3 ante los tribunales de Estados Unidos en 2007, siete ex funcionarios del Gobierno boliviano, incluidos miembros del alto mando militar y ministros, han sido condenados en Bolivia por su participaci\u00f3n en las masacres de 2003. S\u00e1nchez de Lozada y S\u00e1nchez Berza\u00edn, por su parte, han estado viviendo en Estados Unidos desde 2003, cuando huyeron de Bolivia en respuesta a las protestas generalizadas contra sus pol\u00edticas brutales y las muertes que resultaron.<\/p>\n

\u201cLos Estados Unidos no debe ser un refugio seguro para quienes violan los derechos humanos\u201d dijo Beth Stephens, abogada cooperante con el Centro para los Derechos Constitucionales (Center for Constitutional Rights), quien representa a los demandantes. “Eso es a\u00fan m\u00e1s cierto cuando los hechos demuestran que los demandados utilizaron intencionalmente la fuerza letal contra civiles desarmados en un intento de bloquear las protestas pol\u00edticas.”<\/p>\n

Entre los demandantes est\u00e1 Etelvina Ramos Mamani, cuya hija de ocho a\u00f1os, Marlene, muri\u00f3 en sus brazos despu\u00e9s que Marlene recibiera un disparo de un francotirador militar. La ni\u00f1a estaba dentro de su casa, parada junto a una ventana. S\u00e1nchez de Lozada y S\u00e1nchez Berza\u00edn hab\u00edan dado \u00f3rdenes para que se tratara al pueblo donde viv\u00eda Marlene, y a los civiles dentro del pueblo, como un objetivo militar.<\/p>\n

Los familiares de las v\u00edctimas est\u00e1n siendo representados por un equipo de abogados del Center for Constitutional Rights (Centro de Derechos Constitucionales), la cl\u00ednica internacional de derechos humanos de la Facultad de Derecho de Harvard, y el bufete de abogados de Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld, LLP. Abogados del Centro de Estudios de Derecho, Justicia y Sociedad (Dejusticia) colaboran en el caso.<\/p>\n

Para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n<\/p>\n

Carolina Mila
\ncmila@dejusticia.org<\/p>\n

Dorothee Benz<\/p>\n

212) 614-6480<\/a><\/p>\n

press@ccrjustice.org<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
Foto: http:\/\/www.consuladodebolivia.com.ar<\/div>\n

press@ccrjustice.org<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A U.S. Appeals Court rejected the attempt by the defendant to throw out the case.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":36311,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1773,1609,6465],"tags":[2077],"class_list":["post-21180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-internationalization","category-rule-of-law","category-noticias-internacional-en","tag-democracy-en-4","subcategory-globalization","subcategory-studying-the-protection-of-rigths","post-scope-aaa-not-blog","post-scope-internacional-en","post-scope-both-international-national"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCase Against Bolivian Ex-President for His Role in 2003 Massacre Can Proceed - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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