{"id":25388,"date":"2005-09-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2005-09-30T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/who-cares-for-the-children-the-state-or-the-family\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:18:30","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:18:30","slug":"who-cares-for-the-children-the-state-or-the-family","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/who-cares-for-the-children-the-state-or-the-family\/","title":{"rendered":"Who cares for the children? The State or the family?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>El 21 de septiembre, el peri\u00f3dico El Tiempo public\u00f3 en la primera p\u00e1gina el siguiente titular: &#8216;Hombres de Soacha demandan a sus ex mujeres por alimentos&#8217;. El hecho fue noticia debido a que se trataba de un acontecimiento excepcional: hombres demandando a mujeres, pues de los 600 o m\u00e1s casos que se han recibido por alimentos en la comisar\u00eda este a\u00f1o, \u00fanicamente en 15 son los padres los que demandan a las madres.      <\/p>\n<p>Independientemente del g\u00e9nero de qui\u00e9nes demandan, el asunto del cuidado de los ni\u00f1os es un tema que pocas veces ocupa un espacio relevante en el debate de pol\u00edticas p\u00fablicas. \u00bfQui\u00e9n es el responsable de cuidar a los ni\u00f1os en una sociedad? \u00bfDebe ser la familia, debe ser el Estado, o una combinaci\u00f3n de ambos? \u00bfQu\u00e9 consecuencias tiene para las mujeres asignar la responsabilidad del cuidado de los ni\u00f1os en las familias? Las respuestas a estas preguntas tendr\u00e1 efectos concretos sobre la educaci\u00f3n, la nutrici\u00f3n y la estimulaci\u00f3n de los ni\u00f1os. Adicionalmente, e igualmente importante, podr\u00e1 limitar el acceso al empleo de las madres, asignar\u00e1 roles y distribuir\u00e1 poder al interior de la familia.  <\/p>\n<p>Si entendemos que el cuidado de los ni\u00f1os le corresponde m\u00e1s al n\u00facleo familiar, las mujeres, por razones hist\u00f3ricas y culturales, llevar\u00e1n una parte importante de la carga.    Por otra parte, si las labores de cuidado son una responsabilidad social, la distribuci\u00f3n de estas obligaciones ser\u00e1 m\u00e1s equitativa y, como consecuencia, se mejorar\u00e1 la distribuci\u00f3n de recursos a favor de las mujeres en una sociedad.  <\/p>\n<p>La noticia sobre los hombres que demandaron a sus esposas en Soacha demuestra que en Colombia el cuidado de los ni\u00f1os se entiende como una responsabilidad exclusiva de la familia. Aun en el caso de padres encargados del cuidado, quienes los remplazar\u00edan en su ausencia ser\u00edan mujeres, bien sea otro miembro de la familia o una persona contratada para el efecto. Uno de los padres cuenta c\u00f3mo tuvo que dejar a sus hijos al cuidado de la hija mayor para poder ir a poner la demanda. Otro, dice que si la mujer no va a ayudar con el cuidado: &#8216;pues que ayude para pagarle a una se\u00f1ora que haga el trabajo que ella no hace.&#8217;  <\/p>\n<p>Entender el trabajo del cuidado como un asunto privado implica que se debe resolver entre la pareja. Lo cual realmente significa que es responsabilidad de las madres, como lo demuestra que sean s\u00f3lo 15 hombres los demandantes en un universo de m\u00e1s de 600 casos. Para estas madres encargadas del cuidado de sus hijos, y los padres que excepcionalmente lo hacen, conseguir un trabajo que les permita desarrollar estas labores es muy dif\u00edcil: s\u00f3lo tienen acceso a trabajos informales, mal remunerados, sin ning\u00fan tipo de garant\u00edas. Como consecuencia, la mayor\u00eda de las mujeres de escasos recursos dependen econ\u00f3micamente de sus compa\u00f1eros. En muchos casos, identificar el cuidado con las madres hace que tengan menos poder en la familia y que su contribuci\u00f3n al bienestar del hogar sea &#8216;invisible&#8217;.      <\/p>\n<p>En Colombia es fundamental empezar a entender el cuidado como una responsabilidad social que debe ser garantizada por el Estado, y menos como un asunto familiar que deben solucionar los individuos. Para las mujeres en general, pero especialmente para las mujeres que dependen econ\u00f3micamente de sus compa\u00f1eros o esposos, ser\u00eda transformador que el Estado tomara medidas para subsidiarlo, regularlo y hacerlo accesible.  <\/p>\n<p>Este tema debe formar parte integral de la pol\u00edtica social del Estado, al hacer prioritario el acceso a centros de cuidado de los ni\u00f1os, que se puedan pagar, bien distribuidos geogr\u00e1ficamente, de calidad y que tengan pol\u00edticas de estimulaci\u00f3n temprana. Esto significar\u00eda un dise\u00f1o institucional democr\u00e1tico que tendr\u00eda que tomar en cuenta diferencias culturales, la satisfacci\u00f3n de necesidades b\u00e1sicas y la producci\u00f3n acad\u00e9mica internacional que ha estudiado la estimulaci\u00f3n temprana.    <\/p>\n<p>En conclusi\u00f3n, el lugar en el que como sociedad situemos la responsabilidad del cuidado tendr\u00e1 consecuencias fundamentales en la distribuci\u00f3n de recursos al interior de una sociedad, as\u00ed como entre hombres y mujeres. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As a result of the parents in Soacha who have demanded for food from their wives, Helena Alviar, of Dejusticia, proposes that the State guarantees the care of the children.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","medium-semana-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Who cares for the children? 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