{"id":25400,"date":"2005-11-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2005-11-06T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/lesson-from-the-law-courts-to-the-course-against-the-united-self-defense-forces-of-colombia\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:18:38","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:18:38","slug":"lesson-from-the-law-courts-to-the-course-against-the-united-self-defense-forces-of-colombia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/lesson-from-the-law-courts-to-the-course-against-the-united-self-defense-forces-of-colombia\/","title":{"rendered":"Lesson from the Law Courts to the course against the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La demencial y fat\u00eddica ?Operaci\u00f3n Antonio Nari\u00f1o por los Derechos del Hombre?, ejecutada por el M-19 hace 20 a\u00f1os, sigue siendo el punto de partida de muchos estudios pol\u00edticos y jur\u00eddicos. La coyuntura actual, que muestra como principal suceso pol\u00edtico el proceso de desmovilizaci\u00f3n de los paramilitares, es uno de esos posibles nichos de an\u00e1lisis.<\/p>\n<p>Y una veta concreta de estudio la proporciona una de las tantas debilidades, cada vez m\u00e1s notorias, que tiene dicho proceso: el derecho a la verdad. Como es sabido, la ley de Justicia y Paz escatim\u00f3 este derecho esencial no solo de las v\u00edctimas sino de toda la sociedad, como que evit\u00f3 la conformaci\u00f3n de una Comisi\u00f3n de la Verdad, y opt\u00f3 porque el derecho a la verdad se circunscribiese al \u00e1mbito judicial. Esto contrasta con lo sucedido hace 20 a\u00f1os, cuando por decreto de estado de sitio el presidente Belisario Betancur cre\u00f3 el Tribunal Especial de Instrucci\u00f3n para &#8220;investigar los delitos cometidos&#8221; en la toma del Palacio.<\/p>\n<p>La labor del tribunal culmin\u00f3 con un informe p\u00fablico que constituye una de las piezas hist\u00f3ricas m\u00e1s valiosas jur\u00eddica y pol\u00edticamente y, a no dudarlo, el \u00fanico antecedente vern\u00e1culo de un t\u00edpico ejercicio del derecho a la verdad. <\/p>\n<p>Hay mucha diferencia entre una especulaci\u00f3n sobre un acontecimiento y afirmaciones autorizadas, no por el hecho de que estas sean verdaderas en el sentido epistemol\u00f3gico del t\u00e9rmino, sino por su car\u00e1cter leg\u00edtimo. Algunos ejemplos tomados de las conclusiones hechas por el Tribunal pueden apoyar este aserto: se descart\u00f3 el v\u00ednculo guerrilla-narcotr\u00e1fico que se tej\u00eda en torno a la toma, merced a la coincidencia de las amenazas previas de ambos sectores, pues los dos &#8220;persegu\u00edan finalidades diferentes&#8221;. <\/p>\n<p>Igualmente, el tribunal puso en evidencia varias cosas que parecen inveros\u00edmiles: (1) la poca atenci\u00f3n que a la autoridad competente le mereci\u00f3 la divulgaci\u00f3n del plan encaminado a la toma del Palacio, hecha por la prensa un mes antes del insuceso; (2) el inexplicable retiro de la Fuerza P\u00fablica d\u00edas antes de la toma, la cual ven\u00eda prestando el servicio de vigilancia; (3) el repetido, pero fallido intento del Presidente de la Corte de hablar por tel\u00e9fono con el presidente Betancur para suplicar el cese del fuego. <\/p>\n<p>Ahora que el Gobierno realiza exploraciones para reglamentar la Ley de Justicia y Paz, bien vale la pena pensar en una instancia oficial que d\u00e9 cuenta autorizada y articulada no solo de lo que es el proceso de desmovilizaci\u00f3n ?el conteo de armas, municiones y tropas, las cifras y los discursos?, sino especialmente de lo que fue y ha sido la raz\u00f3n de ser social, pol\u00edtica y cultural del paramilitarismo. <\/p>\n<p>Se necesita, pues, una Misi\u00f3n de la Verdad que, al igual que el Tribunal Especial, cuente de manera coherente y en una sola narraci\u00f3n, lo que los fiscales y jueces no har\u00e1n, pues solo podr\u00e1n dedicarse a explorar, por competencia y por tiempo, la verdad judicial de acontecimientos precisos ?una masacre, un homicidio, una desaparici\u00f3n?, sin que haya mayor espacio para la articulaci\u00f3n de hechos que, sin duda, tienen conexidad. <\/p>\n<p>El Tribunal no calific\u00f3 ni hizo juzgamiento alguno, ni agot\u00f3 la investigaci\u00f3n, pero su informe ha sido valioso para la investigaci\u00f3n misma y, especialmente, para informar lo que pas\u00f3 aquellos fat\u00eddicos 6 y 7 de noviembre de 1985.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Palace of Justice siege was a 1985 attack against the Supreme Court of Colombia, in which members of an M-19 guerilla group held Supreme Court Justices hostage.  This event continues to be the starting point of many legal and political studies.  The present situation shows that the principle political event is the process of demobilization of the paramilitary as a possible niche of analysis.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25400","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","subcategory-public-policies","medium-semana-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Lesson from the Law Courts to the course against the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/lesson-from-the-law-courts-to-the-course-against-the-united-self-defense-forces-of-colombia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lesson from the Law Courts to the course against the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Palace of Justice siege was a 1985 attack against the Supreme Court of Colombia, in which members of an M-19 guerilla group held Supreme Court Justices hostage. 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