{"id":25645,"date":"2006-12-17T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2006-12-17T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/chavezs-serious-error\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:21:12","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:21:12","slug":"chavezs-serious-error","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/chavezs-serious-error\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u00e1vez&#8217;s serious error"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>No hay duda alguna: el presidente Hugo Ch\u00e1vez ha demostrado ser una verdadera aplanadora electoral. <\/p>\n<p>Desde 1998 ha triunfado en todas las elecciones en las que ha participado: en las presidenciales de 1998 y 2000; en el refer\u00e9ndum para la convocatoria de una Asamblea Nacional Constituyente, en la elecci\u00f3n de la Constituyente y en el refer\u00e9ndum aprobatorio de la nueva Constituci\u00f3n, todos en 1999; en la revocatoria de mandato que fue convocada por sus opositores, en 2004, y en las elecciones presidenciales realizadas en los d\u00edas pasados. <\/p>\n<p>El gobierno de Ch\u00e1vez ha sido cuestionado en muchos aspectos. Entre ellos se encuentran su estilo confrontacional, el control que ejerce sobre las dem\u00e1s ramas del poder, las presiones sobre sus oponentes, sus relaciones con los llamados ?pa\u00edses parias? de la comunidad internacional, sus provocaciones a los Estados Unidos, la carrera armamentista en que se ha comprometido, su intromisi\u00f3n en la pol\u00edtica interna de los dem\u00e1s pa\u00edses de la regi\u00f3n, el uso masivo de los d\u00f3lares del petr\u00f3leo para apoyar su estrategia internacional, etc. <\/p>\n<p>Pero lo cierto es que hasta ahora el presidente Ch\u00e1vez ha salido airoso de todos esos cuestionamientos. La mejor prueba de ello son las \u00faltimas elecciones presidenciales. <\/p>\n<p>Sin embargo, creo que todo puede cambiar con la \u00faltima medida que ha anunciado Ch\u00e1vez. \u00c9l ha manifestado su intenci\u00f3n de que se modifique la Constituci\u00f3n para establecer la reelecci\u00f3n indefinida del Presidente de la Rep\u00fablica, con lo cual podr\u00eda aspirar a continuar en el poder luego de culminado el per\u00edodo que se inicia en 2007 y culmina en 2012. <\/p>\n<p>El aviso de Ch\u00e1vez prende las alarmas en torno a los peligros del surgimiento de una dictadura en Venezuela, pero adem\u00e1s reaviva y redimensiona los cuestionamientos de que ha sido objeto su gobierno. <\/p>\n<p>Durante muchas d\u00e9cadas, la reelecci\u00f3n presidencial inmediata fue muy mal vista en la regi\u00f3n, pues constituy\u00f3 un instrumento fundamental para el establecimiento de largas y oprobiosas dictaduras. No obstante, se puede advertir que esta actitud de desconfianza ha empezado a cambiar luego de que en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os varios pa\u00edses latinoamericanos establecieron constitucionalmente la posibilidad de la reelecci\u00f3n presidencial inmediata, por un solo per\u00edodo, siguiendo el modelo presidencial de los Estados Unidos. <\/p>\n<p>Sin embargo, entre esta f\u00f3rmula y la que contempla la posibilidad de reelecci\u00f3n indefinida del Presidente hay una enorme distancia. A pesar de las cr\u00edticas que podr\u00edan hacerse a la autorizaci\u00f3n para la reelecci\u00f3n presidencial inmediata por un solo per\u00edodo, lo cierto es que permitir que los gobernantes exitosos o populares puedan ser reelegidos por una \u00fanica vez constituye una forma apropiada de armonizar el fin constitucional de controlar el poder pol\u00edtico con el objetivo de garantizar gobernabilidad. <\/p>\n<p>Distinta es la situaci\u00f3n en relaci\u00f3n con la reelecci\u00f3n presidencial indefinida. Para que en estos casos puedan existir controles reales sobre el poder pol\u00edtico ser\u00eda necesario que existiera un verdadero equilibrio de poderes ?de tal manera que el Presidente no tuviera bajo su \u00e9gida ni las ramas legislativa y judicial, ni los dem\u00e1s \u00f3rganos aut\u00f3nomos de control?, y que en la sociedad predominaran libertades como las de prensa, de expresi\u00f3n y de asociaci\u00f3n. Empero, no es esa la realidad que han experimentado hist\u00f3ricamente los pa\u00edses latinoamericanos, y menos a\u00fan Venezuela, que ha sido tierra f\u00e9rtil para las dictaduras. <\/p>\n<p>Por todo lo anterior, considero que constituye un grave error del presidente Ch\u00e1vez el anunciar su decisi\u00f3n de proponer la reelecci\u00f3n presidencial indefinida. Si su propuesta tiene \u00e9xito ?que es lo m\u00e1s probable?, ello permitir\u00e1 que lo vinculen indefectiblemente a la larga tradici\u00f3n autoritaria de la regi\u00f3n, y de su pa\u00eds, y que todas las cr\u00edticas que hasta ahora se le han formulado ?sin mucho \u00e9xito? se fortalezcan, ahora galvanizadas en torno a un concepto, ?la lucha contra la dictadura?. As\u00ed, le har\u00e1 un gran favor a la oposici\u00f3n, nacional e internacional, que podr\u00e1 unirse e identificarse alrededor de esa consigna. <\/p>\n<p>Con todo, hay que aceptar que, muy probablemente, Ch\u00e1vez no ten\u00eda otra opci\u00f3n. Como buen caudillo, \u00e9l es el alma y el nervio de su movimiento. As\u00ed, \u00bfen qui\u00e9n podr\u00eda confiar para que lo reemplazara en la realizaci\u00f3n de su misi\u00f3n? Ese es precisamente el drama de nuestros caudillos. Tarde o temprano, e independientemente de su voluntad inicial, se aproximan a las f\u00f3rmulas autoritarias, para suplir la carencia de partidos pol\u00edticos que puedan asegurar la continuidad en sus programas de gobierno. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Venezuelan President\u2019s purpose of establishing an indefinite presidential re-election will permit that it is identified with the dictatorial tradition of the country and with him it will contribute an important opposition to the flag.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","medium-semana-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - 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