{"id":26129,"date":"2008-10-17T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-10-17T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/the-world-disorder\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:27:42","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:27:42","slug":"the-world-disorder","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-world-disorder\/","title":{"rendered":"The World Disorder"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>EL RECIENTE DERRUMBE DE WALL Street ha producido tres tipos de reacciones en la prensa: la de los neoliberales, que simplemente se callan (ya era hora); la de los enemigos del capitalismo, que se frotan las manos con la esperanza de que este sea el principio del fin de los Estados Unidos, y la de todos aquellos que no creen que este sea el fin del capitalismo, pero piensan que su supervivencia depende del fortalecimiento del Estado.<br \/>\nNo me identifico con ninguna de esas tres reacciones t\u00edpicas, sino con otra, minoritaria y marginal, que estima que la soluci\u00f3n definitiva para evitar estos sobresaltos de la econom\u00eda mundial \u2014y de otros que se ven venir\u2014 no est\u00e1 en fortalecer al Estado, cualquiera que este sea \u2014capitalista, socialista, fundamentalista\u2014 sino en debilitarlo, o por lo menos en limitarlo. Me explico.<\/p>\n<p>Lo primero es que, dados los tiempos que corren, mi posici\u00f3n es m\u00e1s bien ut\u00f3pica. Quiz\u00e1 por eso es minoritaria, pero no por eso es menos apremiante (la utop\u00eda no es el reino de lo imposible, sino de lo deseable). Lo que creo es que hay que quitarles poder a los Estados y pas\u00e1rselos a las instituciones internacionales. Mejor dicho, hay que  empezar a sentar las bases de una organizaci\u00f3n mundial capaz de imponer orden a los Estados. Si el sistema financiero de los pa\u00edses es interdependiente \u2014como lo hemos constatado durante las \u00faltimas semanas\u2014 no tiene sentido resolver problemas derivados de esa interdependencia con instituciones independientes, como son los Estados.<\/p>\n<p>Claro que tener Estados fuertes es mejor que tener Estados d\u00e9biles, como tenemos hoy en d\u00eda. Eso es mejor, pero no es suficiente. La globalizaci\u00f3n es tal, que los Estados, por fuertes que sean, no pueden proveer la regulaci\u00f3n que se requiere. En el mundo actual existe un desfase entre la vida social y las organizaciones que regulan esa vida social. Vivimos en un planeta interconectado: los negocios, la cultura, las comunicaciones, las guerras, el medio ambiente, son cada d\u00eda m\u00e1s globales.<\/p>\n<p>Si todo se redujera a los sobresaltos econ\u00f3micos, el asunto no ser\u00eda tan grave. Pero no es as\u00ed; la desregulaci\u00f3n afecta sobre todo a las relaciones pol\u00edticas entre los Estados. Estamos en un mundo multipolar cada vez m\u00e1s peligroso; un mundo en el que abundan las armas nucleares, los tiranos se creen representantes de Dios en la tierra o se dicen voceros indiscutibles de la voluntad del pueblo, y las mafias y los intereses econ\u00f3micos chantajean a los gobiernos.<\/p>\n<p>Ese mundo se parece mucho al de principios del siglo XVI, cuando cat\u00f3licos y protestantes se hac\u00edan la guerra en nombre del mismo Dios. El hombre es un lobo para el hombre, dec\u00eda Thomas Hobbes refiri\u00e9ndose a esa situaci\u00f3n de guerra de todos contra todos. La soluci\u00f3n consisti\u00f3 entonces en crear instituciones superiores, m\u00e1s poderosas que todas las partes en disputa, con capacidad para disuadirlos a todos. Esas instituciones fueron los Estados. Ahora estamos \u2014y sobre todo, estaremos\u2014 en una situaci\u00f3n parecida, s\u00f3lo que los que se pelean no son las personas sino los Estados (el Estado es un lobo para el Estado).<\/p>\n<p>Soy consciente de que esta soluci\u00f3n est\u00e1 muy lejos todav\u00eda y que mientras tanto se requiere de una regulaci\u00f3n estatal del sistema financiero. S\u00f3lo espero que la creaci\u00f3n de un sistema global de regulaci\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica y pol\u00edtica tenga lugar antes de que los bancos y los ej\u00e9rcitos hayan acabado con el mundo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The recent collapse from Wall Street has produced three types of reactions in the press: that from the neo-liberals that simply keep quiet (it was time); that from the enemies of capitalism, that rub their hands with the expectations that this will be the end of the United States; and that from those that don\u00b4t believe this to be the end of capitalism, but think that its survival depends on the strengthening of the State.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26129","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","subcategory-globalization","medium-el-espectador-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - 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