{"id":26205,"date":"2008-12-17T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-12-17T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/the-end-of-the-economic-orthodoxy\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:28:41","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:28:41","slug":"the-end-of-the-economic-orthodoxy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-economic-orthodoxy\/","title":{"rendered":"The End of the Economic Orthodoxy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Muchos comentaristas est\u00e1n observando ansiosamente como transformar\u00e1 al mundo el nuevo presidente de los Estados Unidos. Columnistas y agencias de noticias se preguntan acerca de las consecuencias de su mandato sobre la guerra en Irak y Afganist\u00e1n, el cambio de guardia en Cuba, y la crisis econ\u00f3mica que recibe.<\/p>\n<p>Este \u00faltimo asunto va mucho m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de la importancia inherente a la elecci\u00f3n del primer afro-americano en la Casa Blanca, pues ya se anuncia el desmoronamiento de la ortodoxia econ\u00f3mica que durante casi tres d\u00e9cadas domin\u00f3 el panorama acad\u00e9mico mundial. Este cambio tiene, por supuesto, una incidencia clave en el debate y dise\u00f1o de la pol\u00edtica econ\u00f3mica de nuestro pa\u00eds.<\/p>\n<p>En Colombia, acad\u00e9micos de diversas disciplinas est\u00e1bamos acostumbrados a que se nos quisiera excluir de la discusi\u00f3n de temas econ\u00f3micos, pues se supone que carec\u00edamos del conocimiento t\u00e9cnico necesario o eramos incapaces de comprender el funcionamiento de una ciencia oculta. En el caso particular del Derecho los ejemplos son innumerables: editorialistas llamando a los magistrados \u2018burrisconsultos\u2019 para caricaturizar sus posiciones; acad\u00e9micos acusando a la Corte de meterse en temas para los cuales se requieren matem\u00e1ticas y funcionarios se\u00f1al\u00e1ndola de no entender las restricciones presupuestales y obligar al Estado a actuar de manera paternalista. <\/p>\n<p>Todo esto porque, en \u00faltimas, las sentencias de la Corte que exig\u00edan un cumplimiento de lo \u2018social\u2019 contenido en lo que ordena nuestra Constituci\u00f3n Pol\u00edtica eran una afrenta contra la eficiencia y sabidur\u00eda del mercado. <\/p>\n<p>Esta ola de cr\u00edticas hizo muy dif\u00edcil defender la perspectiva de quienes, dentro y fuera de la ciencia econ\u00f3mica, consideramos que el Estado debe jugar un papel en la distribuci\u00f3n de recursos y el mejoramiento de las condiciones de inequidad que caracterizan a la sociedad colombiana. Quienes segu\u00edamos considerando a trav\u00e9s del tiempo que se necesitaba regulaci\u00f3n y redistribuci\u00f3n o, al menos, tener presente alternativas, eramos anticuados e ignorantes o, peor a\u00fan, izquierdistas ilusos. Se nos descalificaba, por desconocer el ABC de la econom\u00eda, a saber: si se deja funcionar al mercado por s\u00ed s\u00f3lo, este acabar\u00e1 por corregir sus propios problemas y situar\u00e1 de una manera \u00f3ptima los recursos. <\/p>\n<p>Pero \u201cel ABC de la econom\u00eda\u201d se ha ido debilitando a pasos agigantados en los \u00faltimos seis meses. El momento m\u00e1s representativo fue el 23 de octubre de este a\u00f1o cuando Alan Greenspan, el ex -director de la Reserva Federal y defensor permanente de esa lecci\u00f3n elemental, declar\u00f3 ante el Congreso de los Estados Unidos: \u201cHe encontrado que el libre mercado tiene limitaciones\u201d. A la pregunta de un senador del Partido Dem\u00f3crata: \u201cEn otras palabras, usted encontr\u00f3 que su visi\u00f3n del mundo, su ideolog\u00eda, no era la correcta, no estaba funcionando correctamente\u201d. Greenspan contest\u00f3: \u201cTotalmente, precisamente\u201d. <\/p>\n<p>El gobierno del futuro Presidente estadounidense se desarrollar\u00e1 en una de las peores crisis econ\u00f3micas desde la depresi\u00f3n de los treinta. El Partido Republicano en el poder ya tuvo que tomar medidas al respecto y el mismo Obama ha mencionado un \u201cNew, new deal\u201d haciendo referencia al regreso de pol\u00edticas intervencionistas t\u00edpicas del gobierno de Franklin D. Roosevelt conocidas como el New Deal (nuevo pacto). En su discurso semanal que apareci\u00f3 en You-Tube el 6 de diciembre, el Presidente electo prometi\u00f3 \u201cla inversi\u00f3n m\u00e1s significativa en infraestructura de los \u00faltimos 50 a\u00f1os\u201dcomo parte de su plan de salvar la econom\u00eda. <\/p>\n<p>Puede ser que esto signifique un cambio en Colombia dado que ahora, quienes rigen, han transformado el ABC. No estoy enunciando una especie de posici\u00f3n revanchista o el triunfo de un credo sobre otro, simplemente estoy invitando a dudar del conocimiento absoluto provenga de donde provenga. De todas maneras, una consecuencia importante de lo que est\u00e1 ocurriendo ser\u00e1 la actitud que las agencias multilaterales de cr\u00e9dito tendr\u00e1n frente a pol\u00edticas intervencionistas del Estado que hab\u00edan sido criticadas y eliminadas en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os. Puede suceder que, en adelante, construir escuelas deje de ser un gasto y pase a considerarse una inversi\u00f3n que, adem\u00e1s, genera empleo. El momento es propicio para que comencemos a pensar de nuevas maneras al Estado y al mercado, y quiz\u00e1s logremos encontrar una nueva s\u00edntesis entre ellos. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The actual economic crisis is making rethink those who believed had the revealed truth on the role of the State in the market <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","subcategory-globalization","medium-semana-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The End of the Economic Orthodoxy - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-economic-orthodoxy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The End of the Economic Orthodoxy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The actual economic crisis is making rethink those who believed had the revealed truth on the role of the State in the market\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-economic-orthodoxy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Dejusticia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2008-12-17T05:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-04-11T12:28:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Helena Alviar Garc\u00eda\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Helena Alviar Garc\u00eda\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-economic-orthodoxy\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-economic-orthodoxy\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Helena Alviar Garc\u00eda\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#\/schema\/person\/38b8d762af30ce519728114a5fc5ee83\"},\"headline\":\"The End of the Economic Orthodoxy\",\"datePublished\":\"2008-12-17T05:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-04-11T12:28:41+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-economic-orthodoxy\/\"},\"wordCount\":741,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2008\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-economic-orthodoxy\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-economic-orthodoxy\/\",\"name\":\"The End of the Economic Orthodoxy - 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