{"id":26241,"date":"2009-01-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-01-30T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/the-art-of-imitating\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:29:18","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:29:18","slug":"the-art-of-imitating","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-art-of-imitating\/","title":{"rendered":"The art of imitating"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>LOS PA\u00cdSES, COMO LAS PERSONAS, imitan a los dem\u00e1s; sobre todo a los m\u00e1s grandes, a los m\u00e1s poderosos, a los que m\u00e1s saben.<\/p>\n<p>Eso est\u00e1 bien; las sociedades que conf\u00edan demasiado en s\u00ed mismas viven en medio de una autocomplacencia paralizante. Pero no basta con copiar a los dem\u00e1s; hay que copiarlos bien. Adoptar mal una buena idea puede ser peor que quedarse bien tranquilo con las malas ideas de siempre. <\/p>\n<p>Digo esto pensando en las innovaciones que est\u00e1 llevando a cabo Barack Obama en los Estados Unidos: promoci\u00f3n de energ\u00edas alternativas, ampliaci\u00f3n del sistema de seguridad social, inversi\u00f3n masiva en educaci\u00f3n y mejoramiento de la infraestructura, para s\u00f3lo citar las m\u00e1s importantes. \u00bfQu\u00e9 impacto tendr\u00e1n esas buenas ideas \u2014que tal vez son m\u00e1s europeas que gringas\u2014 en nuestras \u00e9lites sociales y pol\u00edticas? Seguramente muy grande; lo que no sabemos es si ser\u00e1 un impacto bueno o malo.<\/p>\n<p>De los Estados Unidos hemos copiado muchas cosas \u2014no siempre por voluntad propia, es verdad\u2014 pero en lugar de obtener los resultados previstos, casi siempre nos hemos quedado con una copia degradada del original. Me limito a dar dos ejemplos. <\/p>\n<p>El primero es el del transporte terrestre. En Colombia adoptamos el modelo gringo de veh\u00edculos impulsados por gasolina. Para ello importamos los carros y los camiones que se necesitaban, pero no hicimos las autopistas que ese modelo requer\u00eda. Resultado: no s\u00f3lo acabamos con los trenes y los tranv\u00edas, sino que nos quedamos con un sistema de transporte deficiente, cuando no simplemente colapsado. <\/p>\n<p>El segundo es la educaci\u00f3n superior. En la primera mitad del siglo XX nuestro sistema universitario parec\u00eda estar adoptando el modelo europeo: una gran universidad p\u00fablica, con est\u00e1ndares de calidad iguales y acceso gratuito. Pero en la segunda mitad del siglo casi abandonamos ese modelo y empezamos a adoptar el gringo: muchas universidades con niveles de calidad muy diferente y con acceso restringido por m\u00e9ritos (los mejores estudiantes llegan a las mejores universidades). Pero nos quedamos con el peor sistema posible: un conjunto jerarquizado de universidades, buenas, malas y p\u00e9simas, en donde el ingreso, con la excepci\u00f3n de la universidad p\u00fablica, no se hace por m\u00e9ritos, sino por plata (a las mejores universidades s\u00f3lo llegan los ricos). <\/p>\n<p>Podr\u00eda citar otros ejemplos, como la privatizaci\u00f3n de la seguridad social, la penalizaci\u00f3n del consumo de drogas o la liberalizaci\u00f3n a ultranza de la econom\u00eda, en donde copiamos de los gringos ideas simplemente malas. Tambi\u00e9n podr\u00eda citar ejemplos en los cuales dejamos de imitar lo que all\u00e1  funciona bien, como es el caso del sistema nacional de parques, los correos o las bibliotecas p\u00fablicas. <\/p>\n<p>Pero s\u00f3lo voy a terminar diciendo que copiar ideas o instituciones es un asunto muy serio. No s\u00f3lo requiere de buen criterio para apreciar el valor de esas ideas, sino de mucho conocimiento sobre las condiciones en las cuales van a ser aplicadas. Eso de que el pa\u00eds est\u00e1 sobrediagnosticado es una mentira; a lo sumo est\u00e1 mal diagnosticado.<\/p>\n<p>Llevamos muchos a\u00f1os copiando mal ideas buenas, copiando bien ideas malas o simplemente dejando de copiar ideas buenas. Ahora que, por primera vez en muchos a\u00f1os, nos empiezan a llegar propuestas innovadoras e interesantes de los Estados Unidos, deber\u00edamos tratar de tomar en serio la idea de copiarlas bien.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The countries, as people do, imitate others. Especially the great ones, the most powerful.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26241","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","subcategory-globalization","medium-el-espectador-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The art of imitating - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/el-arte-de-imitar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The art of imitating\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The countries, as people do, imitate others. 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