{"id":26282,"date":"2009-03-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-03-13T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/the-rich-people-in-latin-america\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:29:49","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:29:49","slug":"the-rich-people-in-latin-america","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-rich-people-in-latin-america\/","title":{"rendered":"The rich people in Latin America"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>LA MANERA COMO LA GENTE VIVE E incluso la manera como piensa y siente, depende mucho de lo que puede comprar. As\u00ed de simple y de cruda es la realidad social. Por eso los ricos y los pobres de todos los pa\u00edses capitalistas del mundo se parecen, porque compran o no compran las mismas cosas.<\/p>\n<p>Pero los ricos se parecen m\u00e1s entre ellos de lo que el resto de los mortales nos parecemos entre nosotros y eso porque, a diferencia de los obreros o de los empleados medios, por ejemplo, los ricos de todo el mundo se conocen y se relacionan en una especie de territorio global \u2014hoteles, islas, clubes, restaurantes\u2014 en donde el dinero es un pasaporte que vale m\u00e1s que la nacionalidad. Algunos de esos ricos estuvieron reunidos esta semana en Cartagena.<\/p>\n<p>Pero entre los ricos del mundo tambi\u00e9n hay diferencias. No parece ser lo mismo un rico boliviano que un rico suizo o uno coreano (aunque confieso que no conozco ninguno de ellos). La diferencia est\u00e1, creo yo, en que los ricos latinoamericanos \u2014y no s\u00f3lo me refiero a los que estuvieron en Cartagena, sino a la clase alta en general\u2014 poseen una mentalidad particular que ha sido forjada por dos rasgos t\u00edpicos de las sociedades en las que han hecho fortuna: la extrema desigualdad social y la debilidad del Estado.<\/p>\n<p>El hecho de vivir en sociedades muy desiguales hace que los ricos de nuestro continente sientan todav\u00eda esa superioridad se\u00f1orial y despectiva que ten\u00edan las \u00e9lites en la \u00e9poca de la colonia espa\u00f1ola. Por eso, muchos de ellos no encuentran ninguna inconsistencia entre, por un lado, su buena educaci\u00f3n, su religiosidad, o la hidalgu\u00eda de sus familias y, por el otro, la evasi\u00f3n de impuestos, el menor pago a sus empleados o la violaci\u00f3n de las normas del espacio p\u00fablico. Creen que la ley es importante pero s\u00f3lo cuando les conviene o cuando se aplica a los de abajo, a los de ruana. \u201cPara mis enemigos la ley, para mis amigos todo\u201d, se dice en el continente. Por eso muchos negocian la aplicaci\u00f3n del c\u00f3digo; \u201chablan con las autoridades correspondientes\u201d y acomodan su cumplimiento a sus propias necesidades e intereses. Joseph Stiglitz cuenta que Carlos Slim le pregunt\u00f3 alguna vez qu\u00e9 pod\u00eda hacer \u00e9l por M\u00e9xico, a lo cual, el premio Nobel de Econom\u00eda respondi\u00f3: pague sus impuestos, eso es m\u00e1s que suficiente.<\/p>\n<p>(Todo eso se ha acentuado en las \u00faltimas tres d\u00e9cadas con una teor\u00eda econ\u00f3mica que supone que el desarrollo econ\u00f3mico se consigue protegiendo a los ricos, de tal manera que su riqueza jalone, como en una especie de marea, a los de abajo. Esta teor\u00eda, que predomin\u00f3 en el mundo occidental durante por lo menos tres d\u00e9cadas, fracas\u00f3 estruendosamente el a\u00f1o pasado).<\/p>\n<p>Dec\u00eda al principio que los ricos de todos los pa\u00edses se parecen y que lo mismo pasa con los pobres. Pero hay algo que es com\u00fan a los pobres y a los ricos de Am\u00e9rica Latina y es la dificultad que ambos tienen para sentirse parte de la sociedad civil, para ser ciudadanos. Claro que las causas que explican esto son bien distintas para cada uno de ellos: en el caso de los ricos, la falta de compromiso ciudadano se debe a que est\u00e1n tan cerca del Estado, que manejan a las autoridades p\u00fablicas como si fueran sus empleados y a las instituciones como si fueran parte de sus propiedades. Los pobres, en cambio, no est\u00e1n fuera de la ciudadan\u00eda por voluntad propia, como los ricos, sino por estar excluidos del mercado, de la sociedad y de las instituciones.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The way people live and even, the way the think and feel, highly depends on what they can buy. As that simple and harsh is the social reality. That&#8217;s why rich and poor from every capitalist country are similar, because they buy -or not- the same.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","subcategory-globalization","subcategory-studying-the-protection-of-rigths","medium-el-espectador-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The rich people in Latin America - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-rich-people-in-latin-america\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The rich people in Latin America\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The way people live and even, the way the think and feel, highly depends on what they can buy. 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