{"id":26292,"date":"2009-03-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-03-23T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/the-end-of-the-cargimagua-model-or-the-end-of-the-court\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:29:56","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:29:56","slug":"the-end-of-the-cargimagua-model-or-the-end-of-the-court","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-cargimagua-model-or-the-end-of-the-court\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfThe end of the Cargimagua model or the end of the Court?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>NO SE HA DICHO CASI NADA SOBRE LA noticia clave de la semana pasada: la ca\u00edda de la Ley del Estatuto de Desarrollo Rural en la Corte Constitucional. <\/p>\n<p>Mucho menos se dijo que la noticia puede significar dos cosas totalmente distintas: o bien la ca\u00edda de la pol\u00edtica del Gobierno para el campo (el infame \u201cmodelo Carimagua\u201d del ex ministro Arias), o bien la ca\u00edda del \u00fanico l\u00edmite que le quedaba (la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional). <\/p>\n<p>De esta disyuntiva depende el futuro de millones de campesinos y desplazados, y la supervivencia de los pueblos ind\u00edgenas y las comunidades negras. As\u00ed que vale la pena mirar el asunto con m\u00e1s calma.<\/p>\n<p>Comencemos con la primera posibilidad: que la ca\u00edda del Estatuto Rural signifique la del modelo Carimagua. Como se sabe, el modelo promueve la explotaci\u00f3n comercial del campo a gran escala, mediante megacultivos empresariales de palma, caucho, ca\u00f1a, etc.<\/p>\n<p>Para hacerlo posible, primero hab\u00eda que despejar algunos \u201cobst\u00e1culos\u201d jur\u00eddicos: los derechos territoriales de los pueblos ind\u00edgenas, los t\u00edtulos colectivos de las comunidades negras sobre tierras apetecidas en el Pac\u00edfico, los l\u00edos de los t\u00edtulos de los terrenos que hacendados y paramilitares arrebataron a los desplazados durante d\u00e9cadas, y la figura legal de las reservas campesinas, que le permit\u00eda a los peque\u00f1os cultivadores detener el avance de los monocultivos y los terratenientes.<\/p>\n<p>De todo esto se ocup\u00f3 el Gobierno, con el apoyo entusiasta de muchos congresistas que hoy est\u00e1n en la c\u00e1rcel por la parapol\u00edtica y, por tanto, por haber sido c\u00f3mplices de la gigantesca contrarreforma agraria que document\u00f3 Semana hace unos d\u00edas. El primer paso fue la Ley Forestal que abr\u00eda los bosques a la explotaci\u00f3n comercial. Acto seguido vino el Estatuto Rural, que debilitaba la protecci\u00f3n de los territorios de ind\u00edgenas, afros y campesinos. <\/p>\n<p>El problema es que los h\u00e1bitos del hacendado \u2014mandar y no consultar\u2014 traicionaron al Gobierno y a los congresistas. Porque, incre\u00edblemente, olvidaron que la ley les exige consultar a ind\u00edgenas y afros antes de expedir medidas que los afecten. Por eso la Corte no tuvo otro remedio que tumbar las dos leyes. Y por eso lleva 15 a\u00f1os sacando tutelas a favor de comunidades ind\u00edgenas y negras a las que el Gobierno se pasa por la faja a pesar de lo que ordena el Convenio 169 de la OIT.  <\/p>\n<p>Aqu\u00ed es donde el asunto se complica hacia el futuro, porque el Estatuto Rural se cay\u00f3 por voto-finish (5 votos contra 4). As\u00ed que en este tema delicad\u00edsimo el balance de la nueva Corte no est\u00e1 claro. Por tanto, est\u00e1 en riesgo de extinci\u00f3n el deber de consultar, que es la \u00fanica traba legal que le queda al modelo Carimagua y al desplazamiento y desaparici\u00f3n de las comunidades \u00e9tnicas que resisten en sus territorios.<\/p>\n<p>El riesgo aumenta porque pronto ser\u00e1n elegidos dos nuevos magistrados de las ternas que propuso el Gobierno, en las que el Presidente se asegur\u00f3 de nombrar juristas claramente conservadores (el mayor m\u00e9rito de varios es haber sido profesor en la Universidad Sergio Arboleda). <\/p>\n<p>Prefiero ser optimista y pensar que la nueva Corte aplicar\u00e1 la Constituci\u00f3n y respetar\u00e1 la jurisprudencia de la anterior, como es su deber. Muy pronto saldremos de la duda. Porque en estos d\u00edas la Corte decide un caso clave, sobre el que escribi\u00f3 Rafael Orduz en estas p\u00e1ginas. Se trata de un litigio en el que el pueblo Wiwa de La Guajira se juega literalmente la vida en una tutela que interpuso porque el Gobierno, una vez m\u00e1s, construy\u00f3 una represa (la de El Cercado) sin consultar. Amanecer\u00e1 y veremos.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Almost anything has been said about last week&#8217;s key news: the non approval of the Rural Statute Law by the Constitutional Court.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26292","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","subcategory-institutional-strengthening","medium-el-espectador-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfThe end of the Cargimagua model or the end of the Court? - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-cargimagua-model-or-the-end-of-the-court\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00bfThe end of the Cargimagua model or the end of the Court?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Almost anything has been said about last week&#039;s key news: the non approval of the Rural Statute Law by the Constitutional Court.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-cargimagua-model-or-the-end-of-the-court\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Dejusticia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2009-03-23T05:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-04-11T12:29:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-cargimagua-model-or-the-end-of-the-court\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-cargimagua-model-or-the-end-of-the-court\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#\/schema\/person\/e11b9e1e64bff54675fcc20f712051d0\"},\"headline\":\"\u00bfThe end of the Cargimagua model or the end of the Court?\",\"datePublished\":\"2009-03-23T05:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-04-11T12:29:56+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-cargimagua-model-or-the-end-of-the-court\/\"},\"wordCount\":643,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2009\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-cargimagua-model-or-the-end-of-the-court\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-end-of-the-cargimagua-model-or-the-end-of-the-court\/\",\"name\":\"\u00bfThe end of the Cargimagua model or the end of the Court? 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