{"id":26389,"date":"2009-07-25T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-07-25T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/celebrating-the-20th-of-july\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:31:44","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:31:44","slug":"celebrating-the-20th-of-july","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/celebrating-the-20th-of-july\/","title":{"rendered":"Celebrating the 20th of July"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>EL DOMINGO PASADO LOS COLOMbianos celebramos el D\u00eda de la Independencia. <\/p>\n<p>Pero me pregunto, \u00bfrealmente nos independizamos? Eso depende de c\u00f3mo entendemos el t\u00e9rmino \u201cindependencia\u201d. Si lo tomamos en el sentido de haber roto las cadenas que nos un\u00edan al imperio espa\u00f1ol, pues s\u00ed, tenemos motivos para celebrar. Pero si lo tomamos en el sentido de habernos liberado de los fardos de la sociedad colonial, me temo que no. En 1810 muchos ve\u00edan la independencia en este segundo sentido, es decir, como emancipaci\u00f3n de la Colonia. \u201cNo habr\u00e1 rep\u00fablicas si no cortamos con el pasado\u201d, dec\u00eda Sim\u00f3n Rodr\u00edguez, el maestro de Bol\u00edvar.<\/p>\n<p>As\u00ed pues, \u00bfqu\u00e9 tanto nos hemos liberado de ese pasado?<\/p>\n<p>A mi juicio, todav\u00eda soportamos muchos lastres coloniales. S\u00f3lo tengo espacio para mencionar cuatro.<\/p>\n<p>El primero es el menosprecio por los asuntos p\u00fablicos. A los espa\u00f1oles les interesaba el arte, la religi\u00f3n y todo lo que pudiera representar lo grandioso \u2014palabra esta inventada en Espa\u00f1a\u2014 m\u00e1s que el buen gobierno, la organizaci\u00f3n social y los asuntos del bien com\u00fan. Por eso se preocuparon por construir edificios majestuosos y templos imponentes, en lugar de sociedades ordenadas y gobiernos eficientes. En eso se diferenciaban de los ingleses, m\u00e1s preocupados por el mundo terrenal del trabajo y por la construcci\u00f3n de sociedades pr\u00f3speras. Pues bien, el menosprecio espa\u00f1ol por los asuntos p\u00fablicos es un lastre colonial que sigue casi intacto en Colombia. <\/p>\n<p>El segundo es la distribuci\u00f3n de la tierra. Una buena parte de los campesinos colombianos todav\u00eda vive como vasallos y los finqueros como se\u00f1ores feudales. Que algunos de ellos tengan armas y cometan las atrocidades que cometen es s\u00f3lo una prueba m\u00e1s de que esa sociedad arcaica, que es la mayor verg\u00fcenza de este pa\u00eds, no muri\u00f3 con la llegada de la Independencia. <\/p>\n<p>El tercero es la divisi\u00f3n de clases. En Colombia todav\u00eda tenemos una sociedad b\u00e1sicamente dividida entre poderosos y despose\u00eddos: arriba un pu\u00f1ado de gente que lo tiene todo y abajo una gran mayor\u00eda que no tiene casi nada. La proporci\u00f3n es algo as\u00ed como 5% arriba, 35% en la mitad y 60% abajo. Esta distribuci\u00f3n es hoy m\u00e1s equilibrada que hace doscientos a\u00f1os, pero se sigue pareciendo m\u00e1s a la de una sociedad colonial que a la de una sociedad moderna. En los Estados Unidos, por ejemplo, un pa\u00eds que no se caracteriza ni mucho menos por su igualitarismo, la proporci\u00f3n es 16%-64%-20%.<\/p>\n<p>El cuarto es la presencia diferenciada del Estado. Aqu\u00ed no hay un pa\u00eds con una ley aplicable en todas partes, sino muchos pa\u00edses con muchas leyes distintas que se aplican seg\u00fan los territorios y seg\u00fan las poblaciones. No son pocos los pueblos colombianos que hoy, dos siglos despu\u00e9s del grito de Independencia, viven casi igual a como viv\u00edan en la \u00e9poca colonial. <\/p>\n<p>Si seguimos atados al pasado colonial, vale la pena hacerse esta otra pregunta: \u00bfPor lo menos avanzamos hacia la ruptura definitiva con ese pasado? A juzgar por lo que ha hecho el gobierno del presidente Uribe, creo que no. En los \u00faltimos siete a\u00f1os se han fortalecido tres de los cuatro lastres coloniales que he mencionado atr\u00e1s: el menosprecio por lo p\u00fablico, la distribuci\u00f3n feudal de la tierra y la desigualdad social. Hoy no somos m\u00e1s independientes sino m\u00e1s dependientes de esos lastres. <\/p>\n<p>Me pregunto si no es justamente eso lo que el Gobierno, de manera tan patri\u00f3tica, est\u00e1 celebrando por estos d\u00edas.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Last Sunday we Colombians celebrated our Independence Day. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26389","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","medium-el-espectador-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Celebrating the 20th of July - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/la-celebracion-del-20-de-julio\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Celebrating the 20th of July\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Last Sunday we Colombians celebrated our Independence Day.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/la-celebracion-del-20-de-julio\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Dejusticia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2009-07-25T05:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-04-11T12:31:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mauricio Garc\u00eda Villegas\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mauricio Garc\u00eda Villegas\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":[\"Article\",\"NewsArticle\"],\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/la-celebracion-del-20-de-julio\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/la-celebracion-del-20-de-julio\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mauricio Garc\u00eda Villegas\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#\/schema\/person\/d5933ad4c269c4b6c2acbf717ceeb0d6\"},\"headline\":\"Celebrating the 20th of July\",\"datePublished\":\"2009-07-25T05:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-04-11T12:31:44+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/la-celebracion-del-20-de-julio\/\"},\"wordCount\":624,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2009\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/la-celebracion-del-20-de-julio\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/la-celebracion-del-20-de-julio\/\",\"name\":\"Celebrating the 20th of July - 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