{"id":26530,"date":"2009-12-25T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-12-25T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/sin-and-forgiveness\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:33:33","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:33:33","slug":"sin-and-forgiveness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/sin-and-forgiveness\/","title":{"rendered":"Sin and forgiveness"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>EN ESTA \u00c9POCA DE NAVIDAD SIEMpre pienso que todas las religiones, como las personas, tienen sus virtudes y sus defectos. Trat\u00e1ndose de defectos, por ejemplo, me parece que el Budismo es demasiado fatalista ante las penurias materiales, el Islam subyuga a las mujeres y el Protestantismo es intransigente con las pasiones humanas. \u00bfY el Catolicismo? pues me parece que su mayor defecto es la manera como perdona los pecados.<\/p>\n<p>En la tradici\u00f3n cat\u00f3lica los peores cr\u00edmenes quedan expiados en el instante en el que el pecador se arrepiente y se confiesa. De ah\u00ed la expresi\u00f3n espa\u00f1ola \u201cel pecado se lava con un poquito de agua\u201d. De la misma manera como un santo puede ir a parar a lo m\u00e1s profundo del infierno si la muerte lo captura sin haberse confesado, el m\u00e1s abyecto delincuente puede llegar al para\u00edso celestial si se arrepiente en el momento justo. Nada vale la vida mirada en su conjunto; la contabilidad general de vicios y virtudes no cuenta; lo \u00fanico que tiene valor es la decisi\u00f3n de ser un cristiano fiel cuando llegue el momento de la muerte. No hay injusticia o azar en esta regla de juego, dicen los que defienden esta doctrina; lo que hay es misericordia divina: \u201cMientras en los juicios humanos se castiga al que confiesa su culpa, en el divino, se le perdona\u201d, dice Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Escriv\u00e1 de Balaguer, el fundador del Opus Dei.<\/p>\n<p>Esta manera de concebir el pecado no s\u00f3lo entra\u00f1a, a mi juicio, una enorme injusticia \u2014la salvaci\u00f3n depende demasiado del azar\u2014 sino que, en una sociedad profundamente cat\u00f3lica, como lo fue en el pasado la sociedad hispanoamericana, esa doctrina implica que los delitos se afrontan con la l\u00f3gica del pecado. Como los cr\u00edmenes son ante todo pecados, la sanci\u00f3n que les corresponde es el sentimiento de culpa y su remedio es el arrepentimiento y el perd\u00f3n. As\u00ed era en la Espa\u00f1a imperial y me temo que mucho de eso todav\u00eda pervive entre nosotros.<\/p>\n<p>La reducci\u00f3n del crimen al pecado conlleva una desvalorizaci\u00f3n del crimen. Si Dios perdona en un instante, \u00bfpor qu\u00e9 no habr\u00edan de hacer lo mismo los jueces? \u00bfQu\u00e9 autoridad sobre la tierra puede pretender ser m\u00e1s severa que Dios? y, sobre todo, \u00bfpor qu\u00e9 empe\u00f1arse tanto en castigar cuando el juicio definitivo no les corresponde a los jueces de este mundo?<\/p>\n<p>De otro lado, el perd\u00f3n iba de la mano con la severidad de la ley. As\u00ed como las autoridades eran benignas con el acusado, la ley era dura con el delincuente. Esto lo dice muy bien Angel Genivet: \u201ccastigamos con solemnidad y con rigor para satisfacer nuestro deseo de justicia, y luego, sin ruido ni voces, indultamos a los condenados para satisfacer nuestro deseo de perd\u00f3n\u201d. La consabida hipocres\u00eda cat\u00f3lica se origina en su propia teolog\u00eda.<\/p>\n<p>En esta tradici\u00f3n hay tanta simpat\u00eda por el acusado arrepentido como indiferencia por la v\u00edctima. Como el pecado es algo tan inevitable como las cat\u00e1strofes naturales \u2014todos somos pecadores\u2014, las v\u00edctimas son simplemente el producto de la fatalidad. (Ahora que digo esto me doy cuenta de que el catolicismo tambi\u00e9n tiene los defectos de algunas de las otras religiones).<\/p>\n<p>Me dicen que las cosas han cambiado mucho en el catolicismo y que el perd\u00f3n y la confesi\u00f3n ya no son lo que eran. Es posible, pero las mentalidades y los comportamientos sociales no se liberan tan f\u00e1cilmente de los fantasmas de su pasado religioso.<\/p>\n<p>Esta columna dejar\u00e1 de aparecer en las pr\u00f3ximas dos semanas.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In Christmas times I always think that all religions, like people, have their strengths and their weaknesses.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26530","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","medium-el-espectador-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Sin and forgiveness - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/el-pecado-y-el-perdon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sin and forgiveness\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In Christmas times I always think that all religions, like people, have their strengths and their weaknesses.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/el-pecado-y-el-perdon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Dejusticia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2009-12-25T05:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-04-11T12:33:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mauricio Garc\u00eda Villegas\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mauricio Garc\u00eda Villegas\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":[\"Article\",\"NewsArticle\"],\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/el-pecado-y-el-perdon\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/el-pecado-y-el-perdon\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mauricio Garc\u00eda Villegas\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#\/schema\/person\/d5933ad4c269c4b6c2acbf717ceeb0d6\"},\"headline\":\"Sin and forgiveness\",\"datePublished\":\"2009-12-25T05:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-04-11T12:33:33+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/el-pecado-y-el-perdon\/\"},\"wordCount\":622,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2009\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/el-pecado-y-el-perdon\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/el-pecado-y-el-perdon\/\",\"name\":\"Sin and forgiveness - 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