{"id":26612,"date":"2010-03-19T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2010-03-19T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/bittersweet-elections\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:34:33","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:34:33","slug":"bittersweet-elections","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/bittersweet-elections\/","title":{"rendered":"Bittersweet elections"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>ESTOY DE ACUERDO CON QUIENES, por un lado, se regocijan por el triunfo del Partido Verde en las elecciones del domingo pasado, pero, por el otro lado, se preocupan por los resultados del PIN. En esta columna quisiera agregar algo a este balance agridulce.<\/p>\n<p>Empiezo con el Partido Verde. Con independencia del programa que presentaron los ex alcaldes, la campa\u00f1a que hicieron fue algo extraordinario. Lo ser\u00eda en cualquier parte del mundo \u2014\u00bfd\u00f3nde se ha visto que tres grandes figuras pol\u00edticas de un pa\u00eds hagan una campa\u00f1a para que cada uno elogie lo que los otros dos hicieron?\u2014 pero lo es sobre todo en Colombia, un pa\u00eds furioso, en donde la pol\u00edtica se hace como una guerra y en donde la filantrop\u00eda electoral escasea tanto como las auroras boreales. Pero lo es por una raz\u00f3n m\u00e1s significativa: por ser un ejemplo \u00fanico de subordinaci\u00f3n de los intereses individuales a los colectivos. Esto me recuerda la c\u00e9lebre respuesta del profesor Yu Takeuchi cuando le preguntaron por la diferencia entre los colombianos y los japoneses. Lo que pasa es que, dijo el profesor en un tono elegante y demoledor, un colombiano es m\u00e1s inteligente que un japon\u00e9s, pero dos japoneses son m\u00e1s inteligentes que dos colombianos. La campa\u00f1a de los ex alcaldes desaf\u00eda esa incapacidad nuestra, casi gen\u00e9tica, para las empresas colectivas.<br \/>\nAhora me ocupo del lado agrio del asunto, es decir del PIN. Lo primero que hay que lamentar es que, a pesar de la fama de corruptos que tienen los miembros de ese grupo pol\u00edtico, hayan obtenido semejante votaci\u00f3n. Esto prueba que, en buena parte del territorio nacional, la inmoralidad est\u00e1 socialmente tolerada. Pero prueba algo peor: que despu\u00e9s de tantas d\u00e9cadas de narcotr\u00e1fico boyante en el pa\u00eds, es muy dif\u00edcil impedir que la mafia intente \u2014y hasta logre\u2014 legitimarse a trav\u00e9s de la pol\u00edtica.<\/p>\n<p>Dado que el narcotr\u00e1fico est\u00e1 lejos de desaparecer, \u00bfno deber\u00edamos prepararnos para lidiar, por muchos a\u00f1os m\u00e1s, con el tremendo problema de la captura mafiosa de nuestras instituciones? Creo que s\u00ed y lo primero que hay que hacer es entender c\u00f3mo funciona. Esa captura empieza por lo local. En las instituciones municipales d\u00e9biles, all\u00ed donde el gamonal y el finquero mafiosos son m\u00e1s poderosos que el alcalde y el juez juntos, los narcotraficantes logran poner todo el aparato estatal a su servicio, incluido, por supuesto, el sistema electoral. Cuando consiguen juntar varios municipios, hacen elegir a un congresista y as\u00ed crean una polea de transmisi\u00f3n que va de los pueblos, al centro del poder pol\u00edtico en Bogot\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Si esto es as\u00ed, el pr\u00f3ximo presidente deber\u00eda tomar medidas para debilitar esa correa de transmisi\u00f3n. Lo primero que deber\u00eda hacer, a mi juicio, es fortalecer la administraci\u00f3n local. Una reforma agraria que modifique el balance actual del poder municipal a favor del Estado y en contra de los poderes privados e ilegales, ser\u00eda lo ideal; pero como es probable que el nuevo presidente no se le mida a semejante empresa, por lo menos deber\u00eda fortalecer los impuestos municipales y la justicia local.<\/p>\n<p>Lo segundo es hacer una reforma que castigue el clientelismo pol\u00edtico y favorezca el voto de opini\u00f3n. Me pregunto si no habr\u00eda que pensar en ponerle l\u00edmites temporales a la vigencia de la descentralizaci\u00f3n pol\u00edtica y administrativa en algunas regiones del pa\u00eds. Claro, es tan pol\u00edticamente incorrecto lo que sugiero, que s\u00f3lo me atrevo a formularlo como una pregunta. Sin embargo, si sabemos que los del PIN ser\u00edan los primeros en oponerse a esta idea, \u00bfno vale la pena tomarla en serio?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I AGREE WITH THOSE WHO, on the one hand, rejoice for the triumph of the Green Party in the elections of last Sunday but, on the other hand, worry about the results of the PIN . In this op-ed I would like to add something to this bittersweet balance.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26612","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","medium-el-espectador-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Bittersweet elections - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/bittersweet-elections\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bittersweet elections\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"I AGREE WITH THOSE WHO, on the one hand, rejoice for the triumph of the Green Party in the elections of last Sunday but, on the other hand, worry about the results of the PIN . 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