{"id":26618,"date":"2010-03-26T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2010-03-26T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/available-brain-time\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:34:37","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:34:37","slug":"available-brain-time","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/available-brain-time\/","title":{"rendered":"Available brain time"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>LA MEJOR PRUEBA DEL GRAN PODER que tiene la televisi\u00f3n es que ella nunca se ve forzada a cuestionar lo que hace.<\/p>\n<p>Hay excepciones, por supuesto, y aqu\u00ed me voy a referir a una de ellas. No, claro, no es en Colombia donde eso ocurre; me refiero a una emisi\u00f3n especial, denominada \u201cLa zona extrema\u201d y transmitida la semana pasada por la cadena francesa TF2, en la cual se hizo una adaptaci\u00f3n del c\u00e9lebre experimento sobre la sumisi\u00f3n, de Stanley Milgram.<\/p>\n<p>El experimento de TF2 fue as\u00ed: ochenta individuos, seleccionados al azar, fueron invitados a participar, cada uno por su lado, en una especie de juego-reality en la televisi\u00f3n. En dicho juego hab\u00eda un concursante que deb\u00eda memorizar una informaci\u00f3n y luego responder a unas preguntas hechas por quienes fueron invitados. El concursante estaba sentado en una silla el\u00e9ctrica y el papel del invitado consist\u00eda en impartir una descarga cada vez que la respuesta era errada. Al principio las descargas eran peque\u00f1as, pero iban aumentando a medida que las equivocaciones se acumulaban. En realidad, el concursante era un actor y no hab\u00eda tales choques el\u00e9ctricos, pero el invitado estaba convencido de que todo era real: el p\u00fablico, el animador del juego, el concurso y por supuesto el pobre tipo sentado en la silla el\u00e9ctrica, el cual gritaba de dolor y ped\u00eda que suspendieran el juego. Resultado: el 80 % de los invitados lleg\u00f3 hasta el final de la punici\u00f3n, es decir, hasta impartir 480 voltios, una descarga que puede llegar a ser mortal. (En el experimento de Milgram, hecho en un contexto muy diferente, solo el 62% de los invitados lleg\u00f3 hasta el final).<\/p>\n<p>Una vez terminada la presentaci\u00f3n del experimento, la emisi\u00f3n de TF2 estuvo dedicada al debate sobre la televisi\u00f3n. Para Christophe Nick, director y creador de la emisi\u00f3n, los resultados prueban el poder que tiene la tele para domesticar a la gente. Otros, en cambio, consideraron que si bien el experimento muestra la manipulaci\u00f3n que existe en los llamados TV-realities, no dice mayor cosa sobre la sumisi\u00f3n del simple televidente.<\/p>\n<p>A mi juicio, el m\u00e9rito de \u201cLa zona extrema\u201d no fue el de haber presentado la prueba reina de la manipulaci\u00f3n que ejerce la televisi\u00f3n (otros estudios lo han hecho y quiz\u00e1s mejor), sino el de haber puesto a discutir a todo el pa\u00eds sobre la televisi\u00f3n y sus efectos.<\/p>\n<p>Hoy nadie duda del poder enorme que tiene la televisi\u00f3n. Un poder que consiste en captar la atenci\u00f3n de millones de personas durante buena parte de su vida cotidiana (se calcula que, en promedio, un franc\u00e9s que vive 80 a\u00f1os, pasa m\u00e1s tiempo de su vida frente a la televisi\u00f3n que en la escuela y el colegio juntos). Quien mejor ha descrito ese poder es Patrick Le Lay, un antiguo empresario de una cadena privada de televisi\u00f3n en Francia, quien alguna vez dijo que su negocio con Coca-Cola consist\u00eda en venderle \u201ctiempo de cerebro humano disponible\u201d a la embotelladora.<\/p>\n<p>\u00bfQu\u00e9 hace la televisi\u00f3n con ese tiempo cerebral disponible? Esta es la gran pregunta que todas las sociedades, incluyendo a la nuestra, por supuesto, deber\u00edan plantearse.<\/p>\n<p>Noam Chomski dijo alguna vez que lo primero que debemos hacer los ciudadanos es cuidar de nuestro cerebro. \u201cSi tuvi\u00e9ramos un buen sistema educativo \u2014dec\u00eda\u2014, nos dar\u00edan cursos de autodefensa intelectual\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>En el pa\u00eds hay que empezar por ah\u00ed; es decir, por valorar el cerebro de los colombianos; s\u00f3lo as\u00ed podremos lograr que alg\u00fan d\u00eda la televisi\u00f3n est\u00e9 dispuesta a cuestionar lo que hace.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The best evidence of T.V.&#8217;s great power is that it is never forced to question what it does.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26618","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","medium-el-espectador-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - 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