{"id":27332,"date":"2012-01-10T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2012-01-10T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/diatribe-against-the-great-men\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:45:42","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:45:42","slug":"diatribe-against-the-great-men","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/diatribe-against-the-great-men\/","title":{"rendered":"Diatribe against the &#8220;great men&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>No lo digo yo, lo dice el m\u00e1s reciente estudio del Bar\u00f3metro de las Am\u00e9ricas realizado en Colombia por el Observatorio de la Democracia de la Universidad de los Andes. El estudio parte de que hay dos tipos de actitudes antidemocr\u00e1ticas por excelencia: por un lado, actitudes en contra de la separaci\u00f3n de poderes (qu\u00e9 tan de acuerdo se est\u00e1 con cerrar el Congreso o la Corte Constitucional cuando le estorban al presidente), y, por el otro, actitudes en contra de la oposici\u00f3n y las minor\u00edas (verlos como una amenaza y querer limitarles la voz y el voto).<\/p>\n<p>Pues bien, entre 2008 y 2011 estas actitudes se redujeron considerablemente. El porcentaje de personas de acuerdo con cerrar el Congreso o la Corte pas\u00f3 del 45,9% (\u00a1impresionante!) a 33,6%, mientras que el porcentaje de personas que ven a las minor\u00edas como una amenaza y que estar\u00edan de acuerdo con limitar la voz y el voto de la oposici\u00f3n se redujo de un alt\u00edsimo 50,7% a 37,6%. Hemos mejorado, pero todav\u00eda estamos en el grupo de pa\u00edses de las Am\u00e9ricas con menor respeto por los principios de la democracia liberal. <\/p>\n<p>Este hallazgo es interesante, pero son a\u00fan m\u00e1s interesantes las razones que explicar\u00edan este cambio, y aqu\u00ed es donde entra Uribe. Adem\u00e1s de estas actitudes, el estudio midi\u00f3 el \u201capego personal al presidente\u201d, y encontr\u00f3 que aquellas personas m\u00e1s \u201capegadas\u201d ten\u00edan actitudes m\u00e1s antidemocr\u00e1ticas: su fe ciega en Uribe las llevaba a darle una especie de cheque en blanco, que le permit\u00eda cerrar el Congreso o la Corte, o limitar el papel de las minor\u00edas o de la oposici\u00f3n, con tal de que lograra sus prop\u00f3sitos. La buena noticia es que entre 2008 y 2011 el apego al presidente se redujo y, con a esa reducci\u00f3n, bajaron tambi\u00e9n las actitudes antidemocr\u00e1ticas. <\/p>\n<p>Ese cheque en blanco no es un fen\u00f3meno colombiano. Ha sido bastante com\u00fan, sobre todo en Am\u00e9rica Latina, en donde los l\u00edderes, m\u00e1s que como l\u00edderes se presentan como redentores, como salvadores. Democracias delegativas, las llamaba Guillermo O\u2019Donnell, el gran polit\u00f3logo argentino fallecido recientemente. Elegimos a los l\u00edderes democr\u00e1ticamente y, una vez elegidos, les damos v\u00eda libre para que hagan lo que consideren necesario para sacarnos de este l\u00edo, as\u00ed lo que hagan no sea democr\u00e1tico. Les creemos, y estamos dispuestos a darles todo lo que nos pidan. Que hagan lo que quieran con nuestras instituciones, con tal de que nos rediman. <\/p>\n<p>A los l\u00edderes pol\u00edticos no les debemos pedir que nos salven. La democracia no es una religi\u00f3n, tiene prop\u00f3sitos m\u00e1s modestos, m\u00e1s terrenales, y son estos los que deber\u00edan guiar nuestro comportamiento como ciudadanos. Cuando creemos en pol\u00edticos redentores el poder se personaliza, las instituciones se deval\u00faan y la democracia es asaltada. Podemos lograr eliminar la corrupci\u00f3n de las elecciones, evitar su captura por parte de grupos privados, lo que sea, pero si no estamos dispuestos a poner la institucionalidad, las reglas de juego, por encima de las personas, tendremos todav\u00eda una democracia de mentiras. <\/p>\n<p>Escribo esto cuando los alcaldes y gobernadores reci\u00e9n se han posesionado y est\u00e1n tomando sus primeras decisiones oficiales. Algunos de ellos llegan con discursos redentores; han venido a cumplirnos promesas hist\u00f3ricas, a salvarnos de los cataclismos de sus predecesores. Ojal\u00e1 lo hagan. Sin embargo, gran parte de la responsabilidad de que no terminen poni\u00e9ndose de ruana la institucionalidad \u2013porque esta no es una ma\u00f1a exclusiva de los presidentes- radica en que nosotros, los ciudadanos, no les demos cheques en blanco. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today, Colombians believe more in democracy than two years ago. For some it will be a surprise, for others just a platitude, but the fact that Uribe is no longer in power has a lot to do.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27332","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","subcategory-institutional-strengthening","medium-semana-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Diatribe against the &quot;great men&quot; - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/diatriba-contra-los-grandes-hombres\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Diatribe against the &quot;great men&quot;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Today, Colombians believe more in democracy than two years ago. For some it will be a surprise, for others just a platitude, but the fact that Uribe is no longer in power has a lot to do.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/diatriba-contra-los-grandes-hombres\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Dejusticia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2012-01-10T05:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-04-11T12:45:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jos\u00e9 Espinosa\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jos\u00e9 Espinosa\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/diatriba-contra-los-grandes-hombres\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/diatriba-contra-los-grandes-hombres\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jos\u00e9 Espinosa\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#\/schema\/person\/ae6df58d0f0e9bd6d8f5cc012eeb4934\"},\"headline\":\"Diatribe against the &#8220;great men&#8221;\",\"datePublished\":\"2012-01-10T05:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-04-11T12:45:42+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/diatriba-contra-los-grandes-hombres\/\"},\"wordCount\":631,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2012\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/diatriba-contra-los-grandes-hombres\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/diatriba-contra-los-grandes-hombres\/\",\"name\":\"Diatribe against the \\\"great men\\\" - 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