{"id":27448,"date":"2012-04-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2012-04-02T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/the-private-gag-of-the-pundits\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:47:19","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:47:19","slug":"the-private-gag-of-the-pundits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-private-gag-of-the-pundits\/","title":{"rendered":"The private gag of the pundits"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Se preguntan si los periodistas se autocensurar\u00e1n, en el mejor de los casos, o ser\u00e1n censurados, en el peor, al informar sobre impuestos, miner\u00eda, banca y otros temas sensibles para los negocios del propietario.<\/p>\n<p>Tienen raz\u00f3n, pero se quedan cortos. Porque el riesgo de la mordaza privada no es un asunto exclusivo de El Tiempo o de Sarmiento, ni de los medios o los periodistas. Si vamos a discutir seriamente el tema, hay que hablar tambi\u00e9n de muchas otras formas como el poder privado condiciona la libertad de expresi\u00f3n de columnistas, investigadores y dem\u00e1s generadores de opini\u00f3n, que ven m\u00e1s f\u00e1cilmente la paja en el ojo ajeno que la viga en el propio.<\/p>\n<p>El contraste me vino a la mente por una magn\u00edfica columna de Paul Krugman en el New York Times, donde desnuda a ALEC, un influyente \u201ccentro de pensamiento\u201d. En realidad, seg\u00fan lo dice Krugman con todas las letras, ALEC es un portavoz de las empresas que lo financian (Coca-Cola, AT&#038;T, Exxon, UPS, etc.), para promover cambios en la legislaci\u00f3n estadounidense que convienen a sus intereses comerciales.<\/p>\n<p>Al leer a Krugman, es inevitable preguntarse por qu\u00e9 denuncias como \u00e9sta son tan escasas entre los columnistas criollos, sean economistas o de otras profesiones. Con escas\u00edsimas excepciones (casi todos periodistas de oficio), los opinadores se\u00f1alan las conductas reprochables de personajes p\u00fablicos, pero tienen una timidez que raya en el mutismo cuando se trata de criticar empresas privadas.<\/p>\n<p>Cuando se refieren a \u00e9stas, tienden a usar convenientes denominaciones gen\u00e9ricas: \u201clas farmac\u00e9uticas\u201d, \u201clas empresas de telecomunicaciones\u201d, \u201clas multinacionales mineras\u201d, \u201clas EPS\u201d. No se habla de Roche, la farmac\u00e9utica acusada de inflar los precios de sus medicamentos; o de los abusos reportados por los usuarios de Comcel; o de las quejas contra Anglo Gold en las minas de Marmato; o de las indagaciones contra Acemi, el gremio de las EPS privadas, por supuesta colusi\u00f3n para explotar el carrusel de la salud.<\/p>\n<p>\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 la valent\u00eda con el Estado y el apocamiento con el sector privado? Las razones son varias, pero todas llevan a la misma fuente que se les critica a El Tiempo y Sarmiento: el poder econ\u00f3mico, que funciona como zanahoria o como garrote. La mayor\u00eda de las veces opera como zanahoria, como incentivo para autocensurarse. \u00bfPara qu\u00e9 arriesgar el puesto en alguna junta directiva con opiniones que molesten a las empresas? \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 poner en peligro una lucrativa asesor\u00eda? \u00bfO el turno en la puerta giratoria entre la consultor\u00eda privada, un cargo en una agencia reguladora estatal, y un futuro puesto directivo en una empresa del sector regulado?<\/p>\n<p>Otras veces, el poder econ\u00f3mico funciona como garrote, como censura. Basta recordar el pleito que arm\u00f3 el empresario Carlos Mattos cuando se sinti\u00f3 aludido por una columna.<\/p>\n<p>De modo que el poder privado puede significar una mordaza tan ce\u00f1ida como la censura estatal. El problema es que es menos visible y regulada. Mientras que hay todo un sistema jur\u00eddico de derechos humanos para defender la libertad de expresi\u00f3n frente a maniobras de los gobiernos, no hay una regulaci\u00f3n de los conflictos de inter\u00e9s de los generadores de informaci\u00f3n y de opini\u00f3n (columnistas, centros de investigaci\u00f3n, firmas de consultor\u00eda, ONG, etc.) en temas que involucran a empresas con las que tienen nexos.<\/p>\n<p>Nada de esto significa que no pueda haber relaciones productivas y transparentes entre empresariado y opini\u00f3n. En otras columnas he defendido la filantrop\u00eda como una forma de patrocinar causas de inter\u00e9s p\u00fablico, incluyendo el periodismo y la investigaci\u00f3n. Pero, a falta de discusi\u00f3n p\u00fablica y est\u00e1ndares de transparencia, la l\u00ednea entre filantrop\u00eda y mordaza es borrosa. Y el resultado es un prudente silencio.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With the purchase of &#8220;El Tiempo&#8221; by the Sarmiento group, many columnists have warned the risk that the economic interests of the conglomerate compromise the independence of the newspaper.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27448","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","medium-el-espectador-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The private gag of the pundits - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-private-gag-of-the-pundits\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The private gag of the pundits\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"With the purchase of &quot;El Tiempo&quot; by the Sarmiento group, many columnists have warned the risk that the economic interests of the conglomerate compromise the independence of the newspaper.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-private-gag-of-the-pundits\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Dejusticia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2012-04-02T05:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-04-11T12:47:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-private-gag-of-the-pundits\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-private-gag-of-the-pundits\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#\/schema\/person\/e11b9e1e64bff54675fcc20f712051d0\"},\"headline\":\"The private gag of the pundits\",\"datePublished\":\"2012-04-02T05:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-04-11T12:47:19+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-private-gag-of-the-pundits\/\"},\"wordCount\":653,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2012\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-private-gag-of-the-pundits\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-private-gag-of-the-pundits\/\",\"name\":\"The private gag of the pundits - 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