{"id":27570,"date":"2012-07-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2012-07-06T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/the-dangers-of-the-revocation-of-the-congress\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:48:50","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:48:50","slug":"the-dangers-of-the-revocation-of-the-congress","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-dangers-of-the-revocation-of-the-congress\/","title":{"rendered":"The dangers of the revocation of the Congress"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>El Senador Camilo Romero propone reformar la Constituci\u00f3n para que se permita revocar el Congreso en situaciones como la actual, en las que se encuentre deslegitimidado y desprestigiado. Esta iniciativa, aunque tenga eco en la opini\u00f3n p\u00fablica indignada, deber\u00eda ser estudiada con mayor detalle, con cabeza fr\u00eda, porque puede ser problem\u00e1tica. Aqu\u00ed van dos razones, que apuntan a que discutamos este tipo de propuestas estructurales pensando m\u00e1s en el largo plazo y menos en el calor de la coyuntura.<\/p>\n<p>Primero, porque la posibilidad de revocar el Congreso es riesgosa. Seamos honestos: cada arranque de indignaci\u00f3n colectiva vendr\u00eda con una revocatoria del congreso debajo del brazo. Es cierto, los congresistas nos dan motivos justificados y suficientes para indignarnos y para querer revocarlos todos los d\u00edas. Pero justamente ese es el problema: esos motivos ya son frecuentes, son comunes, y con la revocatoria acudir\u00edamos a un instrumento extraordinario \u2013con graves consecuencias jur\u00eddicas y pol\u00edticas- para responder a un problema que ya es ordinario. Adem\u00e1s de lo poco transparente que ya es, el Congreso podr\u00eda convertirse en una instituci\u00f3n fr\u00e1gil e inestable.<\/p>\n<p>Adem\u00e1s \u2013y este es el segundo punto- la revocatoria no resuelve el problema de fondo. En 1991 se revoc\u00f3 el Congreso, con la idea de que la nueva Constituci\u00f3n servir\u00eda para depurar las costumbres pol\u00edticas y se dar\u00eda una renovaci\u00f3n en el Capitolio. Todo fue una ilusi\u00f3n. A finales de ese a\u00f1o los Gerlein, los Name, los L\u00f3pez, los Valencia no solo volvieron a sus curules, sino que llegaron para quedarse. Despu\u00e9s de la revocatoria no fue mucho lo que cambi\u00f3. \u00bfQueremos revocar al Congreso para despu\u00e9s elegir a los mismos?<\/p>\n<p>El problema de fondo radica en la exclusi\u00f3n y en las costumbres pol\u00edticas clientelistas del sistema. Con la revocatoria solo estar\u00edamos resolviendo el efecto y no la causa del problema. Revocar\u00edamos al Congreso y luego\u2026 tendr\u00edamos que hacerlo nuevamente, porque el problema seguir\u00eda intacto.<\/p>\n<p>La combinaci\u00f3n de estas dos razones me lleva a pensar que el camino debe ser otro. Primero, como ciudadanos, debemos empezar por reconocer que tenemos nuestra dosis de culpa en los problemas del Congreso. Al fin y al cabo, nosotros lo elegimos. Segundo, debemos canalizar la indignaci\u00f3n a trav\u00e9s de mecanismos con los que ya contamos y que no son tan riesgosos para la estabilidad institucional. En otras palabras, antes de revocarlos, debemos pensar primero en pasarles la cuenta de cobro a los congresistas en las elecciones.<\/p>\n<p>Es cierto que es necesario incluir unas ciertas \u201cv\u00e1lvulas de escape\u201d para, en momentos de crisis pol\u00edtica, recuperar la legitimidad de las instituciones (revocatoria, adelantamiento de elecciones, etc.). Sin embargo, estos mecanismos deben ser completamente extraordinarios y deben ir acompa\u00f1ados de reformas del sistema pol\u00edtico que resuelvan el problema de fondo.<\/p>\n<p>La indignaci\u00f3n y las iniciativas ciudadanas deben entonces reorientarse. Ojo, no apagarse. Debemos convertir la indignaci\u00f3n en reflexi\u00f3n, e impulsar reformas del sistema electoral que resuelvan los problemas de fondo y que aumenten la rendici\u00f3n de cuentas del Congreso: que lleven a que los ciudadanos seamos m\u00e1s vigilantes y pidamos m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n, y a que los congresistas est\u00e9n m\u00e1s obligados a dar explicaciones y a justificar sus decisiones. Una propuesta interesante, que debe ser puesta sobre la mesa y discutida, es la del Senador Sudarsky de implementar un sistema electoral mixto. Este sistema generar\u00eda una relaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s cercana entre representantes y representados porque, entre otras cosas, tendr\u00edamos m\u00e1s claro cu\u00e1l es el congresista de nuestro distrito electoral y por lo tanto a qui\u00e9n le debemos pedir informaci\u00f3n y pasar las cuentas de cobro.<\/p>\n<p>La indignaci\u00f3n y las iniciativas ciudadanas deben llevar al fortalecimiento de las instituciones, no a ponerlas en riesgo, no a hacerlas m\u00e1s fr\u00e1giles. La propuesta del Senador Camilo Romero, bien intencionada, corre el riesgo de seguirle el juego a otras iniciativas que buscan aprovechar la indignaci\u00f3n para, en lugar de defender la Constituci\u00f3n, reemplazarla por una que no incomode tanto a algunos. A esto suenan las propuestas de asambleas constituyentes. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>From outrage to cool head.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27570","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","subcategory-institutional-strengthening","medium-semana-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The dangers of the revocation of the Congress - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/los-peligros-de-la-revocatoria-del-congreso\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The dangers of the revocation of the Congress\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"From outrage to cool head.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/los-peligros-de-la-revocatoria-del-congreso\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Dejusticia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2012-07-06T05:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-04-11T12:48:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jos\u00e9 Espinosa\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jos\u00e9 Espinosa\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/los-peligros-de-la-revocatoria-del-congreso\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/los-peligros-de-la-revocatoria-del-congreso\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jos\u00e9 Espinosa\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/#\/schema\/person\/ae6df58d0f0e9bd6d8f5cc012eeb4934\"},\"headline\":\"The dangers of the revocation of the Congress\",\"datePublished\":\"2012-07-06T05:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-04-11T12:48:50+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/los-peligros-de-la-revocatoria-del-congreso\/\"},\"wordCount\":725,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2012\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/los-peligros-de-la-revocatoria-del-congreso\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/los-peligros-de-la-revocatoria-del-congreso\/\",\"name\":\"The dangers of the revocation of the Congress - 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