{"id":27698,"date":"2012-10-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2012-10-23T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/what-if-we-come-down-of-the-mining-locomotive\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:51:28","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:51:28","slug":"what-if-we-come-down-of-the-mining-locomotive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/what-if-we-come-down-of-the-mining-locomotive\/","title":{"rendered":"What if we come down of the mining locomotive?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Esa es la pregunta que dej\u00f3 en el aire Nicholas Stern, el reputado economista que hizo el estudio m\u00e1s influyente sobre el costo del cambio clim\u00e1tico y vino al congreso anual de la Agencia Nacional de Hidrocarburos en Cartagena.<\/p>\n<p>Preguntado sobre el dilema entre conservar o abrir la Amazonia a la miner\u00eda, respondi\u00f3: \u201cPuede resultar m\u00e1s rentable dejar esos recursos enterrados que explotarlos\u201d. Tiene raz\u00f3n Stern. Pero como sus cuentas no cuadran con las de los economistas del Gobierno, hay que ir por partes para entenderlas. Y para ver que la soluci\u00f3n al \u201cdesastre ambiental\u201d que advirti\u00f3 la contralora Morelli no es s\u00f3lo ponerle rieles a la locomotora, sino pensar seriamente en irnos bajando de ella.<br \/>\nAs\u00ed son las cuentas. Muchos nos beneficiamos desproporcionadamente de las acciones que agravan el calentamiento global: usted y yo, que liberamos toneladas de carbono y otros gases de efecto invernadero al comer carne, viajar en carro y avi\u00f3n y consumir mucho m\u00e1s que las personas cuya pobreza no les permite siquiera acceder a este peri\u00f3dico; las empresas que hacen bastante m\u00e1s de lo mismo al explotar o utilizar energ\u00eda de combustibles f\u00f3siles como el petr\u00f3leo o el carb\u00f3n, y los gobiernos que facilitan todo lo anterior al estimular la producci\u00f3n de esos combustibles, o abrir las selvas a la miner\u00eda y la ganader\u00eda.<br \/>\nEl calentamiento planetario resultante tiene un costo alt\u00edsimo. Seg\u00fan el Informe Stern, est\u00e1 entre el 5% y el 20% del PIB mundial anual. Costo que no pagamos quienes causamos el da\u00f1o, sino principalmente los que han hecho poco o nada para generarlo, como los habitantes de los barrios pobres que se inundan por las lluvias extremas o las generaciones futuras que heredar\u00e1n las consecuencias.<br \/>\nPor eso, las soluciones a la crisis apuntan a revertir la situaci\u00f3n, haciendo pagar a los que m\u00e1s contaminan y compensando a los que menos. Aunque no ha funcionado por falta de acuerdos internacionales y voluntad de gobiernos y empresas, esa es la l\u00f3gica de sistemas como los mercados de carbono, que recompensan a comunidades y pa\u00edses que preserven bosques y se abstengan de contaminar.<br \/>\n\u00bfQu\u00e9 tiene que ver todo esto con la locomotora minera o con el debate sobre la moratoria minera que en buena hora el Gobierno decret\u00f3 en la Amazonia? Todo. Porque la l\u00f3gica de la locomotora es maximizar los ingresos de corto plazo, aunque impliquen costos econ\u00f3micos (y no econ\u00f3micos) mayores, representados por el valor de la biodiversidad perdida y las toneladas adicionales de carbono que liberan los combustibles desenterrados y las selvas deforestadas. La l\u00f3gica de la moratoria en la Amazonia \u2014que el ministro Uribe deber\u00eda mantener\u2014 es justamente la inversa.<br \/>\nEl problema es que es f\u00e1cil saber el precio de los minerales y encontrar compradores, pero no lo es calcular el valor de la biodiversidad ni encontrar qui\u00e9n pague por preservarla. Como lo dijo Stern, para eso habr\u00eda que cambiar las cuentas y las reglas de juego globales, que hoy hacen m\u00e1s rentable acelerar la locomotora que detenerla.<br \/>\nEl ambiental es un problema parecido al de las drogas. Las pol\u00edticas existentes no est\u00e1n funcionando y reemplazarlas requiere coordinaci\u00f3n internacional. De ah\u00ed que los cambios tengan que ser graduales y que la iniciativa deba venir de los pa\u00edses que son m\u00e1s afectados.<br \/>\nComo con las drogas, Colombia es uno de los pa\u00edses m\u00e1s golpeados por el cambio clim\u00e1tico. Tambi\u00e9n es uno de los m\u00e1s biodiversos y copropietario de la Amazonia, pulm\u00f3n del planeta. De modo que el Gobierno tiene todo para tomar la iniciativa tambi\u00e9n en este tema.<br \/>\nLa oportunidad es justamente la moratoria en la Amazonia. Como lo hizo Ecuador con el parque Yasun\u00ed, el Gobierno podr\u00eda ofrecer extenderla indefinidamente si la comunidad internacional recompensa al pa\u00eds por los recursos no extra\u00eddos y por la biodiversidad y el carbono retenidos. Seguro Stern ayudar\u00eda a hacer las cuentas.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>That&#8217;s the question that Nicholas Stern, the well known economist that did an influent study on the costos of climate change and who came to the anual congress  of the National Hydrocarbure Agency in Cartagena, left hanging.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27698","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","subcategory-institutional-strengthening","medium-el-espectador-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What if we come down of the mining locomotive? - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/y-si-nos-bajamos-de-la-locomotora-minera\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What if we come down of the mining locomotive?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"That&#039;s the question that Nicholas Stern, the well known economist that did an influent study on the costos of climate change and who came to the anual congress of the National Hydrocarbure Agency in Cartagena, left hanging.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/y-si-nos-bajamos-de-la-locomotora-minera\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Dejusticia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2012-10-23T05:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-04-11T12:51:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/y-si-nos-bajamos-de-la-locomotora-minera\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/y-si-nos-bajamos-de-la-locomotora-minera\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#\/schema\/person\/e11b9e1e64bff54675fcc20f712051d0\"},\"headline\":\"What if we come down of the mining locomotive?\",\"datePublished\":\"2012-10-23T05:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-04-11T12:51:28+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/y-si-nos-bajamos-de-la-locomotora-minera\/\"},\"wordCount\":694,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2012\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/y-si-nos-bajamos-de-la-locomotora-minera\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/y-si-nos-bajamos-de-la-locomotora-minera\/\",\"name\":\"What if we come down of the mining locomotive? 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