{"id":27847,"date":"2013-02-12T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-02-12T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/three-myths-about-the-consultations-with-indigenous-and-afros\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T07:54:26","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T12:54:26","slug":"three-myths-about-the-consultations-with-indigenous-and-afros","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/three-myths-about-the-consultations-with-indigenous-and-afros\/","title":{"rendered":"Three myths about the consultations with indigenous and afros"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>En un infortunado art\u00edculo , anuncia El Tiempo que varios ministros se reunir\u00e1n ma\u00f1ana con la Corte Constitucional para \u201cbuscar salidas a la mara\u00f1a jur\u00eddica\u201d de las consultas previas.<br \/>\nEnredo que tendr\u00eda \u201cparalizado\u201d el desarrollo del pa\u00eds, porque leyes como el C\u00f3digo Minero est\u00e1n pendientes de consulta.<br \/>\nEn el art\u00edculo compiten las faltas gramaticales con la falta de conocimiento del tema. Lo primero es problema del peri\u00f3dico. Pero lo segundo es un problema nacional: a pesar de la importancia del tema, se sabe muy poco sobre c\u00f3mo operan las consultas y qu\u00e9 han hecho los gobiernos al respecto. Ante la ausencia de informaci\u00f3n confiable, han medrado los mitos sobre la consulta.<br \/>\nEl primero es que el l\u00edo ha sido obra de la Corte, que \u201cha puesto freno a estos procesos que tienen estancado valiosos proyectos\u201d, como dice la noticia de marras. En realidad, lo que ha hecho la Corte es aplicar la Constituci\u00f3n y el Convenio 169 de la OIT, que establecen el deber de consultar con las comunidades \u00e9tnicas las leyes y los proyectos econ\u00f3micos que las afectan. Y ha exhortado una y otra vez a los gobiernos a fijar reglas adecuadas para evitar la repetici\u00f3n de las tutelas que siguen llegando por abusos de todo tipo, como los de empresas mineras que compran el consentimiento de unos cuantos ind\u00edgenas y lo hacen pasar por consulta.<br \/>\nDe modo que la incertidumbre de las reglas es responsabilidad del propio Gobierno. En esto, ha continuado el legado de la administraci\u00f3n Uribe, que, tras la ca\u00edda de la Ley Forestal por falta de consulta en 2008, anunci\u00f3, pero nunca formul\u00f3, una regulaci\u00f3n legal del tema. Si a esto se suma la constante rotaci\u00f3n de funcionarios en la Direcci\u00f3n del Grupo de Consulta y la Direcci\u00f3n de Etnias del Ministerio del Interior, se entiende la ra\u00edz de la improvisaci\u00f3n. Para solucionarla, no hace falta una ley, sino protocolos que retomen las reglas generales fijadas por la Corte, organicen los procesos y fortalezcan la capacidad estatal para hacer consultas.<br \/>\nEl segundo mito es que las comunidades ind\u00edgenas y negras \u201chan querido convertir la consulta en una especie de \u2018veto\u2019 y escenario de \u2018negociaci\u00f3n\u2019\u201d, seg\u00fan El Tiempo. La realidad es otra. Es posible llegar a acuerdos cuando la consulta es previa, libre e informada y garantiza los derechos de las comunidades. De hecho, un logro notable del gobierno Santos es el decreto ley de reparaci\u00f3n a los pueblos ind\u00edgenas v\u00edctimas del conflicto armado, que result\u00f3 de un proceso genuino de consulta con la Mesa de Concertaci\u00f3n ind\u00edgena que dur\u00f3 buena parte de 2011.<br \/>\nAdem\u00e1s, si ha habido clientelismo de sectores \u00e9tnicos minoritarios \u2014como los que controlaban la antigua Alta Consultiva de Comunidades Negras\u2014, ha sido con anuencia de los gobiernos. El intercambio de favores \u2014yo te firmo la consulta si t\u00fa me ayudas con un vi\u00e1tico \u2014 tuvo su punto m\u00e1s alto en el gobierno Uribe. Afortunadamente, el ministro Fernando Carrillo ha venido limpiando la casa, y las organizaciones \u00e9tnicas leg\u00edtimas (como la ONIC, Cimarr\u00f3n y muchas otras) nunca han entrado en ese juego.<br \/>\nEl \u00faltimo mito es que la consulta es el \u201cpalo en la rueda\u201d del desarrollo, como han dicho algunos ministros. En realidad, ante la falta de pol\u00edticas ambientales serias, el derecho a la consulta ha servido para desacelerar proyectos y leyes que habr\u00edan tenido un impacto desastroso sobre el medio ambiente y las comunidades \u00e9tnicas. Por ejemplo, si los ind\u00edgenas y afros no hubieran invocado la consulta, la Sierra Nevada estar\u00eda atravesada por l\u00edneas f\u00e9rreas que llevar\u00edan el carb\u00f3n al Caribe, con el riesgo que est\u00e1 a la vista en el caso Drummond, y la Ley Forestal de Uribe habr\u00eda concesionado los bosques del pa\u00eds.<br \/>\nEs cierto que hay que mejorar las consultas. Pero no se puede avanzar sobre la base de mitos.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In an unfortunate article, El Tiempo announces that several Ministers will gather themselves tomorrow with the Constitutional Court to &#8220;look for ways out of the juridical tangle&#8221; of the previous consultations.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27847","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","subcategory-racial-discrimination","medium-el-espectador-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Three myths about the consultations with indigenous and afros - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/three-myths-about-the-consultations-with-indigenous-and-afros\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Three myths about the consultations with indigenous and afros\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In an unfortunate article, El Tiempo announces that several Ministers will gather themselves tomorrow with the Constitutional Court to &quot;look for ways out of the juridical tangle&quot; of the previous consultations.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/three-myths-about-the-consultations-with-indigenous-and-afros\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Dejusticia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-02-12T05:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-04-11T12:54:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/three-myths-about-the-consultations-with-indigenous-and-afros\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/three-myths-about-the-consultations-with-indigenous-and-afros\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#\/schema\/person\/e11b9e1e64bff54675fcc20f712051d0\"},\"headline\":\"Three myths about the consultations with indigenous and afros\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-02-12T05:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-04-11T12:54:26+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/three-myths-about-the-consultations-with-indigenous-and-afros\/\"},\"wordCount\":685,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2013\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/three-myths-about-the-consultations-with-indigenous-and-afros\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/three-myths-about-the-consultations-with-indigenous-and-afros\/\",\"name\":\"Three myths about the consultations with indigenous and afros - 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