{"id":28187,"date":"2013-10-09T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-10-09T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/santurban-and-the-minister-why-arrieta-isnt-right\/"},"modified":"2013-10-09T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2013-10-09T05:00:00","slug":"santurban-and-the-minister-why-arrieta-isnt-right","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/santurban-and-the-minister-why-arrieta-isnt-right\/","title":{"rendered":"Santurb\u00e1n and the Minister: Why Arrieta isn’t right"},"content":{"rendered":"

Una de las primeras decisiones que debe tomar la nueva Ministra de Ambiente es la delimitaci\u00f3n final del p\u00e1ramo de Santurb\u00e1n, que a la vez fijar\u00eda d\u00f3nde se puede hacer miner\u00eda de oro y d\u00f3nde no. Por eso, como revel\u00f3 La Silla Vac\u00eda<\/a>, ha recibido decenas de cartas sugiri\u00e9ndole qu\u00e9 hacer. <\/p>\n

El punto central del debate es si la zona del p\u00e1ramo debe ser igual o superior al Parque Natural Regional Santurb\u00e1n creado en febrero de este a\u00f1o. Mientras expertos ambientales argumentan que si se restringe la delimitaci\u00f3n del p\u00e1ramo al \u00e1rea del parque el 90% del ecosistema quedar\u00eda desprotegido<\/a>, otros como el gobernador de Santander y el ex procurador Carlos Gustavo Arrieta insisten en que el Ministerio deber\u00eda adoptar los l\u00edmites del parque como los l\u00edmites del p\u00e1ramo, pues el parque ya proteger\u00eda de manera suficiente el ecosistema del p\u00e1ramo. <\/p>\n

En su carta del 1 de agosto Arrieta, que a su vez es abogado de la minera Leyhat, lanza una nueva tesis: ser\u00eda ilegal superponer la delimitaci\u00f3n del p\u00e1ramo sobre un parque natural regional porque \u201cel Decreto 2372 de 2010 [art\u00edculo 26] proscribe la superposici\u00f3n de categor\u00edas para la protecci\u00f3n de un mismo ecosistema<\/a>\u201d. Aunque a primera vista el argumento suena convincente, es claramente incorrecta cuando se hace un an\u00e1lisis jur\u00eddico juicioso. Si nos tienen paciencia con algunos tecnicismos legales, podemos explicarles por qu\u00e9. <\/p>\n

Efectivamente, el art\u00edculo proh\u00edbe la superposici\u00f3n de categor\u00edas, como argumenta Arrieta.Pero lo hace solo entre las categor\u00edas que se conocen como \u201ccategor\u00edas de manejo de \u00e1reas p\u00fablicas.\u201d Y mientras los parques naturales regionales son una de estas categor\u00edas de manejo, los p\u00e1ramos no lo son. Por tanto, un parque regional y un p\u00e1ramo podr\u00edan coexistir y bien har\u00eda el Ministerio desconociendo la tesis de Arrieta y escuchando a los ambientalistas. <\/p>\n

Como quienes no sean abogados, con raz\u00f3n, pueden perderse en estos vericuetos jur\u00eddicos, hay que desmenuzar el argumento. El art\u00edculo 26<\/a> dice: \u201cNo podr\u00e1n superponerse categor\u00edas de manejo de \u00e1reas p\u00fablicas. (\u2026)\u201d pero no explica cu\u00e1les son dichas categor\u00edas. Sin embargo, el mismo decreto explica que su objetivo es \u201creglamentar el Sistema Nacional de \u00c1reas Protegidas (SINAP), las categor\u00edas de manejo que lo conforman y los procedimientos generales relacionados con este.\u201d Queda claro entonces que las categor\u00edas de manejo son las que integran el Sistema Nacional de \u00c1reas Protegida (SINAP). Seg\u00fan el mismo decreto, las categor\u00edas que conforman el SINAP son las del Sistema de Parques Nacionales Naturales, las Reservas Forestales Protectoras, los Parques Naturales Regionales, los Distritos de Manejo Integrado, los Distritos de Conservaci\u00f3n de Suelos, las \u00c1reas de Recreaci\u00f3n y las Reservas Naturales de la Sociedad Civil. <\/p>\n

Claramente, dentro de esta lista taxativa est\u00e1n los parques naturales regionales (como Santurb\u00e1n), pero no est\u00e1n los p\u00e1ramos. M\u00e1s a\u00fan, seg\u00fan el mismo decreto (art\u00edculo 29), los p\u00e1ramos son \u201cecosistemas estrat\u00e9gicos\u201d que, \u201ccomo \u00e1reas de especial importancia ecol\u00f3gica gozan de protecci\u00f3n especial.\u201dPor ello mismo, las autoridades deber\u00e1n tratar de protegerlas por distintas v\u00edas que \u201cpodr\u00e1n incluir su designaci\u00f3n como \u00e1reas protegidas bajo alguna de las categor\u00edas de manejo previstas\u2026\u201d <\/p>\n

De esto queda claro que mientras los p\u00e1ramos podr\u00edan ampararse por medio de \u00e1reas protegidas (y por ende convertirse en \u00e1reas de manejo), no son por s\u00ed mismos \u00e1reas de manejo y requieren de especial protecci\u00f3n. <\/p>\n

M\u00e1s a\u00fan, el mismo decreto (art\u00edculo 28) aclara que las categor\u00edas de protecci\u00f3n internacionales (tales como los Sitios Ramsar, las Reservas de Bi\u00f3sfera y los patrimonios de la humanidad) \u201cno son categor\u00edas de manejo de \u00e1reas protegidas, sino estrategias complementarias para la conservaci\u00f3n de la diversidad biol\u00f3gica.\u201dJustamente entre estas categor\u00edas internacionales est\u00e1n los p\u00e1ramos. Raz\u00f3n adicional para no considerarlos categor\u00edas de manejo, sino como estrategias complementarias para la conservaci\u00f3n\u2013 que es justamente lo que har\u00eda el Ministerio si declarase la zona del p\u00e1ramo mayor a la zona del parque. <\/p>\n

Recientemente Arrieta le dijo a La Silla Vac\u00eda<\/a> que \u201cm\u00e1s all\u00e1 de que puedan coexistir legalmente o no, filos\u00f3ficamente no deber\u00edan porque ya se tiene el nivel de protecci\u00f3n m\u00e1s alto como lo es un parque regional.\u201d Sin embargo, como vimos, una lectura rigurosa del Decreto 2372 muestra que s\u00ed es legal que coexistan pues se trata de dos categor\u00edas distintas. Y que filos\u00f3ficamente deber\u00edan coexistir, porque la misma ley ordena a la autoridad ambiental priorizar sitios como los p\u00e1ramos y adoptar estrategias complementarias. <\/p>\n

Ministra, bien har\u00eda teniendo en cuenta las cartas de los ambientalistas e ignorando la tesis de Arrieta.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

One of the first decisions the Minister of Environment should make is the final demarcation of the paramo of Santurban, which will also determine where Gold mining can be done and where it cannot. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1615],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environmental-justice","medium-la-silla-vacia-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSanturb\u00e1n and the Minister: Why Arrieta isn't right - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/santurban-and-the-minister-why-arrieta-isnt-right\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Santurb\u00e1n and the Minister: Why Arrieta isn't right\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"One of the first decisions the Minister of Environment should make is the final demarcation of the paramo of Santurban, which will also determine where Gold mining can be done and where it cannot.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/santurban-and-the-minister-why-arrieta-isnt-right\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Dejusticia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-10-09T05:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/santurban-and-the-minister-why-arrieta-isnt-right\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/santurban-and-the-minister-why-arrieta-isnt-right\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\",\"@id\":\"\"},\"headline\":\"Santurb\u00e1n and the Minister: Why Arrieta isn’t right\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-10-09T05:00:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/santurban-and-the-minister-why-arrieta-isnt-right\/\"},\"wordCount\":838,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Issue-Environmental Justice\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2013\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/santurban-and-the-minister-why-arrieta-isnt-right\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/santurban-and-the-minister-why-arrieta-isnt-right\/\",\"name\":\"Santurb\u00e1n and the Minister: Why Arrieta isn't right - 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