{"id":28193,"date":"2013-10-15T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-10-15T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/governing-with-trial-and-error\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T08:02:07","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T13:02:07","slug":"governing-with-trial-and-error","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/governing-with-trial-and-error\/","title":{"rendered":"Governing with trial and error"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>De ah\u00ed que la escaramuza pol\u00edtica por la renuncia del director del DANE sea mucho m\u00e1s que eso. Es un recordatorio del tipo de Estado y gobierno que tenemos: uno que aspira a ingresar al siglo XXI, cuando a\u00fan tiene pendientes tareas del XIX.<\/p>\n<p>Hace ya 200 a\u00f1os, en Europa, los gobernantes perfeccionaron el arte de contar. Sin cifras habr\u00eda sido imposible administrar las crecientes poblaciones y financiar la burocracia estatal. Cobrar impuestos, regular el comercio, abrir escuelas p\u00fablicas, crear servicios nacionales de salud: todas las tareas b\u00e1sicas del Estado habr\u00edan sido inviables si no se supiese cu\u00e1ntos eran los habitantes, a qu\u00e9 se dedicaban, cu\u00e1nto viv\u00edan, qu\u00e9 tanto ganaban, qu\u00e9 tan raudo se reproduc\u00edan. Primero Francia, luego Inglaterra y Prusia, y despu\u00e9s todos los gobiernos competentes desarrollaron censos peri\u00f3dicos y oficinas de estad\u00edsticas independientes. Entendieron que no tener datos es gobernar a tientas.<\/p>\n<p>Como en muchas otras tareas, el Estado colombiano se qued\u00f3 a medio camino. Estableci\u00f3 una entidad especializada (el DANE), pero no le ha dado autonom\u00eda frente a los gobiernos, como lo piden los est\u00e1ndares internacionales. Tampoco ha cumplido la tarea elemental de hacer censos peri\u00f3dicos y fidedignos.<\/p>\n<p>Llevamos 42 a\u00f1os sin un censo agropecuario, aunque la norma en los estados serios (incluyendo muchos latinoamericanos) es organizarlos cada d\u00e9cada. El catastro de t\u00edtulos de propiedad rural tiene tambi\u00e9n un retraso at\u00e1vico. As\u00ed es imposible hacer pol\u00edticas responsables sobre el campo. Y as\u00ed nos va.<\/p>\n<p>Lo parad\u00f3jico es que el esc\u00e1ndalo del censo agropecuario haya explotado en un gobierno que tiene un buen n\u00famero de t\u00e9cnicos competentes. Y que aspira a ingresar a la OCDE, que agrupa a los estados que mejor funcionan y les exige tener estad\u00edsticas actualizadas. Parece que el Gobierno olvidara que la Secretar\u00eda de Estad\u00edsticas de la OCDE va a revisar su candidatura. S\u00f3lo as\u00ed se explica que inicialmente hubiera aplazado el censo, y luego, bajo la presi\u00f3n del paro agrario, anunciara a las volandas que lo har\u00eda a comienzos de 2014, en plena \u00e9poca electoral. Al director del DANE, que se hab\u00eda opuesto a semejante improvisaci\u00f3n, no le quedaba otra forma de protesta que la renuncia.<\/p>\n<p>Algo a\u00fan m\u00e1s grave est\u00e1 pasando con el otro censo, el que cubre todo el pa\u00eds. Se trata del censo general de poblaci\u00f3n, que se hizo en 2005 y deber\u00eda volver a organizarse en 2015. Como se recordar\u00e1, el de 2005 fue un rotundo descalabro porque el expresidente Uribe, descontento con lo que las cifras del DANE dec\u00edan de su gobierno, quiso retocarlas y forz\u00f3 la renuncia del director de entonces, C\u00e9sar Caballero, cuando faltaban escasos meses para el arranque del operativo censal. El resultado fue la imprevisi\u00f3n rampante que dej\u00f3 plagados de errores los datos.<\/p>\n<p>Pues bien: el gobierno Santos, aunque m\u00e1s respetuoso de las cifras y la tecnocracia que el de Uribe, tambi\u00e9n le est\u00e1 dando un tratamiento de tercera al censo de poblaci\u00f3n. El DANE est\u00e1 rezagado en los preparativos, y todo indica que el Gobierno no va a asignarle presupuesto a tiempo para 2015. De modo que tendr\u00e1 que ser en 2016 o mucho despu\u00e9s, cuando estalle un esc\u00e1ndalo como el que envolvi\u00f3 al censo agrario. Todo esto aunque la Cepal recomiende hacerlo cada diez a\u00f1os, y pr\u00e1cticamente todos dem\u00e1s pa\u00edses latinoamericanos est\u00e9n cumpliendo.<\/p>\n<p>A eso me refiero cuando digo que el Estado colombiano, y este gobierno en particular, aspiran al siglo XXI sin resolver los problemas del XIX. Lo primero es leg\u00edtimo. Lo segundo es inexcusable.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There is no modern country without a census of its inhabitants.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1605],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28193","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economic-justice","subcategory-institutional-strengthening","medium-el-espectador-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Governing with trial and error - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/gobernando-a-tientas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Governing with trial and error\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"There is no modern country without a census of its inhabitants.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/gobernando-a-tientas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Dejusticia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-10-15T05:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-04-11T13:02:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@dejusticia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":[\"Article\",\"NewsArticle\"],\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/gobernando-a-tientas\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/gobernando-a-tientas\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez Garavito\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#\/schema\/person\/e11b9e1e64bff54675fcc20f712051d0\"},\"headline\":\"Governing with trial and error\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-10-15T05:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-04-11T13:02:07+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/gobernando-a-tientas\/\"},\"wordCount\":626,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Issue-Economic Justice\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2013\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/gobernando-a-tientas\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/gobernando-a-tientas\/\",\"name\":\"Governing with trial and error - 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