{"id":28309,"date":"2014-01-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2014-01-11T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dejusticia.org\/the-year-of-hope-for-peace\/"},"modified":"2017-04-11T08:05:08","modified_gmt":"2017-04-11T13:05:08","slug":"the-year-of-hope-for-peace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-year-of-hope-for-peace\/","title":{"rendered":"The Year of Hope for Peace"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Sabemos qu\u00e9 es como idea abstracta, pues la escuchamos de boca de los l\u00edderes que luchaban contra la violencia. Pero entonces la idea no s\u00f3lo no se puso en pr\u00e1ctica sino que quienes osaron proclamarla fueron reprimidos con virulencia.<\/p>\n<p>Cuando Pizarro, Gal\u00e1n y Jaramillo fueron asesinados, la gente ten\u00eda capacidad de indignaci\u00f3n. Ello condujo a la movilizaci\u00f3n por la Constituci\u00f3n del 91, que introdujo las reformas m\u00e1s radicales en la historia. A pesar de la esperanza que inspiraron esos cambios, los a\u00f1os que siguieron fueron desoladores en muchos sentidos. Los actores que buscaron implementar la Carta fueron perseguidos por la extrema derecha con la complicidad del Estado, lo cual condujo al exterminio de la UP y al asesinato y exilio de muchos activistas, jueces y otros funcionarios que le apostaban a la democracia.<\/p>\n<p>Desde los noventa, el principal sentimiento compartido por la poblaci\u00f3n fue el miedo, que condujo a un estado general de impotencia. Aunque las violaciones de derechos humanos se volvieron el pan de cada d\u00eda y la creatividad del terror alcanz\u00f3 grados inveros\u00edmiles, la gente se indignaba cada vez menos. La violencia parec\u00eda un estado natural. La \u00fanica opci\u00f3n para sus v\u00edctimas era padecerla en silencio mientras los dem\u00e1s cerraban los ojos.<\/p>\n<p>Durante el gobierno Uribe, la presencia de las fuerzas armadas aument\u00f3 y se gener\u00f3 la creencia de que la guerra pod\u00eda ganarse. Pero el miedo no termin\u00f3 sino que fue manipulado para fomentar el odio contra la guerrilla. El Estado continu\u00f3 atentando contra la disidencia y ali\u00e1ndose con grupos ilegales. Y el final de la violencia volvi\u00f3 a ser distante, pues la guerrilla fue debilitada pero no vencida, la negociaci\u00f3n fue desplazada por la mano dura y los acuerdos con los \u2018paras\u2019 no condujeron al desmonte de sus estructuras.<\/p>\n<p>En el \u00faltimo a\u00f1o, en medio de la incertidumbre sobre el fin de la guerra, lleg\u00f3 de pronto la idea de paz, primero como rumor, luego como sue\u00f1o. A pesar de los avances lentos pero sustanciales de las negociaciones, la gente mantuvo su incredulidad durante meses. Pero en d\u00edas recientes la esperanza parece haber irrumpido en la escena pol\u00edtica.<\/p>\n<p>La discusi\u00f3n p\u00fablica est\u00e1 enfocada en la paz. Existe una clara mayor\u00eda a favor de las negociaciones, que muestra que la gente admite por fin que la paz puede alcanzarse. La favorabilidad de Santos remonta mientras que la de Uribe baja, pues la gente parece haber entendido que los riesgos que aqu\u00e9l tom\u00f3 al fortalecer al adversario eran necesarios para aumentar la viabilidad de una paz negociada, que nunca habr\u00edan madurado con un discurso como el uribista.<\/p>\n<p>La pol\u00edtica, adem\u00e1s, est\u00e1 vigorizada. Las elecciones legislativas ser\u00e1n m\u00e1s importantes que las presidenciales, pues all\u00ed se jugar\u00e1 el \u00e9xito de la paz. Pol\u00edticos prestigiosos quieren ser congresistas; a ellos se a\u00f1aden movimientos dispuestos a aliarse en coaliciones plurales cuyo principal objetivo es defender la paz. Si \u00e9sta se concreta, se sumar\u00e1n tambi\u00e9n los movimientos de desmovilizados y los que han surgido de la reciente protesta social, que podr\u00e1n participar con m\u00e1s oportunidades gracias a los cambios promovidos por los acuerdos.<\/p>\n<p>Por primera vez en a\u00f1os creemos que las cosas pueden cambiar de modo trascendental. Es imposible saber si ese cambio suceder\u00e1 realmente, pues es grande la incertidumbre. Pero el solo hecho de que exista un sentimiento potente de esperanza de paz deber\u00eda celebrarse, pues contrasta con d\u00e9cadas de desaliento y puede empujarnos a actuar colectivamente en pro de ese cambio.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For those of us who were born in the 80&#8217;s, hope is almost an unknown feeling. We know that it is like an abstract idea, since we hear it from the mouth of leaders who fought against the violence. But back then the idea was not only never put in practice, it was also used to aggressively repress those who dared proclaim it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1611],"tags":[1210,1803,2022,1875,2077,2214,2213],"class_list":["post-28309","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-transitional-justice","tag-alvaro-uribe","tag-colombia","tag-conflicto-armado","tag-constitucion-de-1991","tag-democracy-en-4","tag-peace-en","tag-proceso-de-paz","subcategory-constitutional-transitions","medium-el-espectador-en","post-scope-aaa-not-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Year of Hope for Peace - Dejusticia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/develop.dejusticia.org\/en\/the-year-of-hope-for-peace\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Year of Hope for Peace\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"For those of us who were born in the 80&#039;s, hope is almost an unknown feeling. 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